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Download Gross Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial Nerves
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Gross Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial Nerves Cerebral Hemispheres Gyri –ridges of tissue Sulci –shallow grooves Fissures –deep grooves Cortex –gray matter White matter Cerebral Hemispheres Longitudinal fissure – separates hemispheres Central Sulcus –divides frontal lobe from parietal lobe Lateral sulcus –seperates temporal lobe from parietal lobe Parieto-occipital sulcus – diveds occipital lobe from parietal lobe Insula –buried deep within lateral sulcus Cerebral Hemispheres Diencephalon Brain Stem Cerebellum Spinal Cord Conus medullaris – terminal portion of the spinal cord Filum terminale – fibrous extension of the pia mater; anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx Cauda Equina – spinal nerves emerging from the inferior end of spinal cord Spinal Cord Spinal nerves – 31 pairs attach to the cord by paired roots Cervical and lumbar enlargements – sites where nerves serving the upper and lower limbs emerge Cauda equina – collection of nerve roots at the inferior end of the vertebral canal Lumbar Tap Gray Matter and Spinal Roots Figure 12.31b Cross-Sectional Anatomy of the Spinal Cord Figure 12.31a Nerve Plexus 4 major plexuses Cervical (C1-C5) Brachial Plexus (C5-C8, T1) Lumbar Plexus (L1-L4) Sacral Plexus (L4-S4) Spinal Nerves Nerve Plexus Function Phrenic Cervical Diaphragm-breathing Axillary Brachial Shoulder Musculocutaneous Brachial Upper Arm Radial Brachial Lower Arm Median Brachial Lower Arm Ulnar Brachial Lower Arm Femoral Lumbar Upper Leg/thigh Sciatic Sacral Upper Leg/thigh Common Fibular Sacral Lower Leg Tibial Sacral Lower Leg
