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Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
UNIT 7
The Knee, Quadriceps,
and Hamstring
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
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Prevents Anterior translation (movement) of
the Tibia on the Femur.
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More common in ______ then ______
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Often ____-contact injuries
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Most often see in what sports______,
______, _______?
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Sprain
Description- Tear (complete or incomplete)
of the ACL.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Sprain
MOI
Direct blow to the knee (usually on the
lateral or posterolateral aspect)
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Sprain
MOI
Deceleration
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Sprain
MOI
Lower leg is
rotated while the
foot is planted.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Sprain
MOI
Lower leg is
rotated while the
foot is planted.
ACL Injuries = Surgery, Long
Recoveryhttp://www.wral.com/lifestyles/healt
hteam/video/2285260/
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Sprain
Signs/Symptoms
Audible "pop"
Anterior instability
of the knee
Swelling (usually rapid)
Pain
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Sprain
Signs/Symptoms
Audible "pop"
Anterior instability
of the knee
Swelling (usually rapid)
Pain
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Sprain
AIM
RICE
Immobilizer
Crutches
Refer to Physician
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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ACL Rehab- (post operation)
Importance on Hamstring strength
Proper jumping and Landing mechanics
Proper running/cutting mechanics
Strengthen external rotators of hip
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Lab need two volunteers
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Sprain
Description- Tear (complete or incomplete)
of the PCL.
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
Prevents Posterior translation of the tibia
on the femur.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Sprain
M0I
Falling with full weight on the anterior
aspect of the tibia
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Sprain
M0I
Receiving a direct blow
to the anterior knee
while it is flexed to
approximately 90 degrees.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Sprain
Signs/Symptoms
Audible “pop”
Pain
Swelling
Posterior instability
of the knee
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Sprain
AIM
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RICE
Immobilizer
Crutches
Refer to Physician
Rehab
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ROM (How?)
Strengthen (How?)
Proprioception (How?)
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Sprain
Description- Tear (complete or incomplete)
of the MCL.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Sprain
MOI
Direct blow to the
lateral side of the
knee while the
foot is fixed.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Sprain
MOI
Severe outward
twist of the knee
while the foot
is fixed.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Sprain
Signs/Symptoms
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Positive valgus
stress test
Valgus stressis Lateral stress or force
on the outside of the knee
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Sprain
Signs/Symptoms
1st Degree
Ligament is torn or stretched.
Pain
Swelling
Stiffness
Point tenderness
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Sprain
Signs/Symptoms
2nd Degree:
Complete tear of deep capsular, partial tear of
superficial layer, or partial tear of both areas
of MCL.
Pain
Swelling
Loss of ROM
Medial Joint Laxity
Laxity-is looseness (increased ROM in Lig)
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Sprain
3rd Degree
Complete tear of supporting ligaments.
Swelling
Pain (Severe fb dull ache)
Loss of ROM
Complete instability
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Sprain
AIM1st Degree
RICE
Crutches
Cryokinetics
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Sprain
AIM2nd - 3rd Degree
Rehab●
RICE
ROM (How?)
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Immobilizer
Proprioception (How?)
● Crutches
Strengthening
(How?)
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Refer to physician
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Sprain
Description- Tear (complete or incomplete)
of the LCL.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Sprain
MOI
Tibia internally rotated with a
varus force (contact or non-contact)
exerted on the LCL.
Varus force
-Is medial stress or
force on the knee
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Sprain
Signs/Symptoms
Positive varus stress test
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Sprain
Signs/Symptoms
Ligament is torn or stretched.
Pain
Swelling
Stiffness
Point tenderness
Lateral Joint Laxity
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Sprain
AIM
1st Degree:
RICE
Crutches
Cryokinetics
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Sprain
AIM
2nd - 3rd Degree:
Rehab
RICE
ROM
(How?)
Immobilizer
Proprioception (How?)
Crutches
Strengthening
(How?)
Refer to physician
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Meniscal Injury
Description- Tear of the meniscus.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Meniscal Injury
MOI
Meniscus becomes trapped, pinched, or
crushed between the femoral condyles and
the tibial plateaus.
occurs during twisting activities while
weight bearing
result of a direct blow to the knee.
Hyperflexion or hyperextension
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Meniscal Injury
Signs/Symptoms
Popping or tearing sensation
Swelling (during waking hours with activity
with resolution overnight)
Loss of ROM
Knee "locks" in place
Joint line point tenderness
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Meniscal Injury
AIM
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RICE
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Immobilizer
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Crutches
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Refer to physician
Rehab
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ROM (How?)
Strengthening(How?)
Proprioception (How?)
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Patella Dislocations
Description- Complete dislocation or
subluxation of the kneecap.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Patella Dislocations
MOI
Combined movements of knee flexion,
internal rotation of the thigh, and foot
externally rotated.
Most often Laterally
Dislocates
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
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Patella Dislocations
Signs/Symptoms
Complete loss of function
Pain
Swelling
Patella resting in an abnormal position
usually lateral resting on the lateral
condyle.
Sports Medicine
ACUTE KNEE INJURIES
Patella Dislocations
AIM
Rehab
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RICE
**Strengthening(How?/muscle)
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Immobilize
Proprioception
(How?)
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Crutches
ROM
(How?)
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Refer to physician