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Chapter 4
Forearm and Elbow
Forearm
• Bones
– ______________
• Lateral
– _____________
• Medial
• Joints
– Wrist
• ___________
– Elbow
• ___________
Radius Anatomy
Distal
• ______________
– Distal conical projection
• ______________
– Depression for head of Ulna
• Body (Shaft)
Radius Anatomy
Proximal
• Radial _____________
– Biceps tendon attachment
• Neck
• Head
– Circular _______________
Ulna Anatomy
Distal
• ____________
– Distal Conical projection
• Head
• Body (Shaft)
Ulna Anatomy
Proximal
• ______________
– Depression for radial head
• ___________ Process
– Distal portion of elbow cup
• ____________ tubercle
– Opposite to radial notch off coronoid process
Ulna Anatomy
Proximal
• _____________Notch
– Depression making up the elbow with the
humerus
• ______________
– Proximal portion of elbow cup
Forearm Imaging
Routine
•
•
•
•
AP
Lateral
40”SID
60+ kV
AP Forearm
• Have patient sit so when ___________it is
______ with the table
• __________ hand
• Align ____________with IR
• Center to mid forearm. Collimate laterally
to skin
• Make sure _____________are included
Lateral Forearm
•
•
•
•
•
•
Flex ____________
Align ________________to IR
Sit pt. so _______________with the table
Make sure ___________are on the IR
Center to mid forearm
Collimate to skin
Elbow
• Bones
– Distal __________
– Proximal ________
– Proximal ________
• Ginglymus (Hinge) Joint
Distal Humerus
Medial Condyle
• Trochlea
– Medial ________________
– Articulates with Ulna
• ________________
– Trochlear _________
• Depressed center groove
Distal Humerus
Lateral Condyle
• Capitulum
– Lateral ___________
– Articulates with Radius
• _______
Epicondyles
• Lateral ____________
– Lateral projection superior to __________
• Medial ____________
– Medial projection superior to _________
– Larger than lateral
Elbow Fossa
Distal Humerus
• Anterior
– _________________
• When elbow is flexed radial head “slides” into.
– _________________
• When elbow is flexed coronoid process “slides”
into.
• Posterior
– _________________
• When elbow is extended olecranon process
“slides” into
Fat Pads
• ______________ Pads of fat
– Can be indicator of _________ such as fx if
________________
• Located in the Wrist and Elbow
Wrist Fat Pads
• Scaphoid Fat Pad
– Seen on _____________
– Just lateral to ____________to radius
• Pronator Fat Pad
– Seen on _________
– Anterior to __________
Elbow Fat Pads
• Anterior Fat Pad
– Seen on ____________
– Anterior to distal Humerus
• _____________Fat Pad
– Generally ______________radiograph
– Deep within olecranon fossa
• _______________ Fat Pad
– Seen on lateral
– Anterior to radius
Elbow Imaging
Routine
•
•
•
•
•
•
AP
Lateral
Internal Oblique
External Oblique
40” SID
65+ kVp
AP Elbow
• Supinate Hand and ___________
• Sit patient so when arm is extended it is
___________
• Align ____________with cassette
• Center to mid elbow
• Collimate to skin
Lateral Elbow
• Flex elbow _______and position wrist into
___________
• Sit pt so when bent arm is extended,
____________with the table
• Center to mid elbow
• Collimate to elbow joint
• Epicondyles should be superimposed.
Internal Oblique Elbow
•
•
•
•
•
Extend arm as in AP
Pt arm should be level with table
Pronate hand
Epicondyles ____________
Center to mid elbow. Collimate to skin
• Done for ________________process
External Oblique Elbow
•
•
•
•
•
Extend arm as in AP
Pt arm should be level with table
Lean pt laterally and rotate arm
Epicondyles ____________
Center at mid elbow. Collimate to skin
• Done for _________________