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Phonics
Helping your child learn
Ms Christabel Attard
Complementary Teacher
a
Maltese
English
Letter name – a
Letter name – a
Letter sound – a
Letter sound – apple
If I say the sound /a/ it is
the wrong sound because
/a/ is for umbrella
x
Maltese
English
Letter name – x
Letter name – x
Letter sound – x
Letter sound – box
If I say the sound /x/ it is
the wrong sound because
/x/ is written sh as in fish
5 Basic Skills
1. Letter formation
2. Learning the letter sounds
3. Blending
4. Identifying sounds in words
5. Tricky words
Letter Formation
It is important not to check the end result
only, but the process.
Letter sounds
It is important that we all use the
same language – at home and at
school.
Also remember that letter sounds are
different than letter names.
Phonological Awareness
 The understanding that spoken
language is made up of individual
and separate sounds.
Every sound is called a phoneme.
Sometimes a sound is represented
by more than one letter and is called
a grapheme.
The 44 phonemes
/b/
/d/
/f/
/g/
/h/
/j/
/k/
/l/
/m/
/n/
/ng/
/p/
/r/
/s/
/t/
/v/
/w/
/y/
/z/
/th/
/th/
/ch/
/sh/ /zh/ /a/
/e/
/i/
/o/
/u/
/ae/ /ee/ /ie/
/oe/
/ue/ /oo/ /ar/ /ur/ /au/ /er/ /ow/ /oi/
/air/ /ear/ /ure/
Letter Sounds
Group 1
A cat is on a mat.
Use phonics for reading purposes.
/c//a//t/ - cat
A cat is on a mat.
When writing it is important to use
letter names – cat.
Common mistakes
kat, fix
Phonological Awareness
Activities
1. Oral Rhyming (cat rat sat)
Read poetry and other rhyming books. (Humpty
Dumpty) When reading a familiar rhyme, stop before a
rhyming word and ask your child to say the word.
2. Syllable awareness in spoken words
Clap parts of words. Start with your child’s name.
3. Phonemic awareness (an essential element)
Individual sounds in spoken words is a part of
phonological awareness.
Next steps …
• Children then begin to blend for
reading.
• Starting with simple VC (vowel
consonant) words - at, it, is
• and then to CVC (consonant
vowel consonant) words - dog,
cat, man
Blending
• Recognise and say the letter
sounds in a written word, for
example:
s-a-t
by merging or ‘blending’ them in
the order in which they are
written to pronounce the word
‘sat’.
s a t i p n
/ai/ Words
Tricky words
Words that
cannot be
decoded using
phonics.
Look, say, cover, write and check
basic skills
help us identify strengths and
weaknesses
structure a tailored programme
References
jollylearning.co.uk
www.phonicsfun.co.uk