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1 •Why do humans have skin? Name AT LEAST 3 reasons. 2 3 •Name the parts of the Integumentary system and discuss the function of each part. 4 Skin is the largest organ of the body, and serves to: •Protect other organs and tissues •Maintain body temperature •Excrete waste materials through perspiration (sweat) •Function as a sense organ •Produce Vitamin D 5 Three Main Layers of Skin A. Epidermis – outer most layer B. Dermis – Nerves, vessels, glands, hair follicles C. Hypodermis – attaches skin to body, composed of fat for warmth 6 Hair - Epidermis •Hair grows out of the epidermis to cover parts of the body. •The shaft is what we see and the root attaches to the muscle in the dermis. Hair color is determined by the presence of melanin. Baldness or alopecia may result from heredity, disease, injury, or chemotherapy. 7 Nails - Epidermis •Nails are plates made of hard keratin that cover the dorsal surface of the fingers and toes. •At the base of most nails a lunula or whitish half-moon is an area where keratin and other cells have mixed with air. •The cuticle is a narrow band of epidermis that surrounds the base or bottom of nails. 8 Glands - Dermis •Sweat glands release waste which cools the skin. •Oil Glands moisten the skin and make it flexible 9 The field dermatology is the study, diagnosis and treatment of ailments to the skin 10 Did you know that the skin can be tested for various diseases and allergies? Tests for Diseases Tests for Allergies •Patch test •Scratch test •Intradermal tests •Mantoux test used to detect tuberculosis. •Schick test used to detect diptheria. 11 Fun Facts Skin is the largest organ in your body Your skin contains millions of sensory receptors You lose 30,000-40,000 dead skin cells every minute! 12