Download The Planets

The Planets
The Planets
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All planets revolve around the sun
The Inner Planets: include the planets closest
to the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
The Outer Planets: include the planets that are
far from the sun: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune.
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Also includes Pluto, which is now a dwarf planet.
The Planets
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Solar Order of the Planets
Sun Mercury Venus Earth Mars
Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
Pluto Planet X
Way to remember the order:
My Very Excited Mother Just Sent Us Nine
Pizzas
The Planets
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Inner Planets
 All
of these planets are made of rock
 Called “terrestrial planets”
 Able to land on because they are solid
 All have some kind of atmosphere
surrounding the planet.
The Planets
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Mercury
 Closest
to the sun
 Very thin atmosphere made of sodium
 Pitted surface because atmosphere to thin for
meteors to burn up
 Temperature:
 Day = 800°F
 Night= -300°F
 No insulation to hold heat in during the
night.
The Planets
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Mercury (continued)
Short orbit/year = 88 days
 Rotates slowly = Day = 58.6 Earth Days
 Ice caps at poles are made from acid instead
of water
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The Planets
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Venus
 Hottest
planet
 High amounts of carbon dioxide have
caused the “greenhouse effect”
 Planet heats up to 875°F
 Atmosphere very deep and thick
 High pressure/deadly to humans
 Volcanic eruptions on surface.
The Planets
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Earth
¾
of rocky surface is water
 No other planet has this much water
 Earth about 93 million miles from the sun
(closest to the sun on January 3 and farthest
way on July 4)
 Seasons occur because of the tilt of the
Earth.
 Actually closer to the sun in winternorthern hemisphere is tilted away from
the sun.
The Planets
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Earth (continued)
Leap year happens because the earth takes 365.242
days to revolve around the sun, not 365.
 To keep the calendar in step with the Earth we add a
day every 4 years.
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The Planets
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Earth (continued)
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Layers of Earth
The Planets
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Mars
 Has
a 9 mile high volcano (3x taller than Mt.
Everest)
 Called the “Red Planet”
 Surface has high portion of iron dust.
 Atmosphere mostly made of carbon dioxide.
 Small ice caps at the poles
The Planets
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Outer Planets
 All
very large (except Pluto, which is a dwarf
planet)
 Made mostly of liquid gas with rock as a core.
 Sometimes called “gas giants”
The Planets
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Jupiter
 Largest
planet (1,300 x as big as Earth)
 Made largely of liquid hydrogen and helium
gas (squeezed so hard by gravity that gas is
formed into a liquid)
 Huge ocean of liquid hydrogen about 15,500
miles deep.
 Entire planet has powerful storms with wind
speeds 6x faster than hurricane winds on
Earth.
The Planets
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Jupiter (continued)
 Has
the Great Red Spot (GRS)
 25,000
miles across
 Powerful storm that has lasted at least 330 years
 Spins
faster than any other planet (9.8 hours=
1 day)
 Moves
 Has
at 27,900 mph
16 moons- (4 large/12 small)
The Planets
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Jupiter (continued)
 Takes
11.86 years to orbit the sun = 1 year
 Surface temperature = -238°F
The Planets
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Saturn
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Butterscotch surface of Ammonia
Surrounded by rings made of billions of ice
chips and dust
Rings are named with letters A-G
Saturn is very large, but would float if put in
water-doesn’t weigh very much.
The Planets
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Saturn (continued)
 Has
more moons than any other planet
 Titan
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is the only moon with an atmosphere
Could be that there is life here.
 Wind
speeds reach 1,100 mph
 Takes 29.46 years to orbit the sun = 1 year
 Surface temperature = -290°F
The Planets
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Uranus
 Orbits
the sun on its side
 Has a few ice rings
 In summer, sun doesn't set for 20 years
 Atmosphere of hydrogen and helium
 Oceans of liquid methane (same gas you burn
in ovens)
 Gives
planet a blue/green color
The Planets
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Uranus (continued)
 17
moons
The Planets
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Neptune
 Also
has a blue/green color because of
oceans filled with liquid methane.
 Takes 164.79 years to orbit the sun once.
 Has 8 moons- Triton is the only moon to
orbit backwards.
 It
also has volcanoes that erupt ice.
The Planets
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Pluto
 Recently
demoted from a planet to a dwarf
planet
 Due
 Very
to overlapping Neptune’s orbit
small (5x smaller than Earth)
 Surface temperature = -365°F
 1 year = 248.54 Earth years
 1st spotted in 1930