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The outer planets The outer planets • The outer planets are the planets found after the asteroid belt • Not counting Pluto, the outer planets are giant, gas or ice planets • Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet in 2006 Jupiter • 5th planet from the sun • 5.20 AU from sun • 50 known, 17 waiting confirmation = 67 moons (63 in book) • 1 rotation is 10 hours • Gas giant, no solid surface. Prediction of a solid inner core about the size of Earth • Giant red spot is a gigantic storm that has been going on for more than 300 years • Jupiter cannot support life but some of its moons can • Atmosphere mostly of hydrogen and helium Saturn • 6th planet from the sun • 9.58 AU from sun • 53 known moons with 9 awaiting confirmation (47 in book) • 1 rotation is 10.7 hours • Gas giant with no solid surface • Has spectacular ring system, 7 rings total with gaps in between • 5 missions to Saturn, Cassini (2004) still exploring Uranus • 7th planet from the sun • 19.19 AU from sun • 27 moons named after Shakespeare and Alexander Pope characters • 1 rotation is 17 hours, retrograde rotation (like Venus) • Ice giant, hot dense fluid of icy material (water, methane, ammonia, with a small rocky core) and atmosphere of H, He, methane. • Has a faint rings, inner rings are narrow and dark, the outer ones are brightly colored • Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit • Rotates on its side (spins horizontally) White dot is moon Ariel, black dot is the shadow. Neptune • 8th planet from sun • 30.04 AU from sun • 13 moons, 1 awaiting confirmation. Named after various sea gods and nymphs in Greek myhtology • 1 rotation is 16 hrs • Sister ice giant to Uranus • Has 6 rings • Voyager 2 only mission to Neptune • At times in its orbit, it is further then Pluto (1979 to 1999) Dwarf Planets • Dwarf planets do not clear the neighborhood around its orbit • Ceres: 1801, located 2.7 AU from sun, orbits in about 4.6 years, located in the asteroid belt • Pluto: 1930, located 39.2 AU from sun, orbits lasts 248 years. Has 3 moons. • Eris: 2006, elliptical orbit 38-98 AU from sun, orbit takes 557 years. One moon, Dysnomia. Calculate your age Outer planets Your age times Approximate Divide the 365 length of year numbers Jupiter EX: 28 x 365 = 10220 Saturn EX: 10220 Uranus EX: 10220 Neptune EX: 10220 Pluto EX: 10220 4344 E.days (12 yrs) 10767.5 days (29.5yrs) 30660 days (84 yrs) 60225 days (165 yrs) 90520 days (248 yrs) EX: 2.4 yrs old! Calculate your weight Planet Multiply your weight by Jupiter 2.5 Saturn 1.1 Uranus 0.8 Neptune 1.2 Pluto 0.01 Your weight on the planet