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KNOWLEDGE...COMMUNICATION...INNOVATION... WORLDWIDE... Network Computers: The Future Clients Some of the presentation data got from IDG survey results Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 1 The Network Defines the Client • Network maturity and bandwidth satisfies demand • Software development delivers the opportunities • Established platforms offer best integration Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 2 The NC defined... • The NC is not a product, it is a spectrum of client devices • NCs will differ in capability from consumer devices • NCs will be used to access corporate information • Intranet and Extranet growth will feed NC adoption in early stages • The next generation client needs to be designed for intranet/extranet implementation Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 3 What is a Network Computer? • Apple, IBM, Netscape, Oracle and Sun are introducing a Reference Profile for the Network Computer: the NC&trade • This Reference Profile is intended to provide a common denominator of popular and widely used features and functions across a broad range of scaleable network computing devices, including personal computers Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 4 In practice what is a NC? • One of the simplest example of Client-Server network based application • Powerful low cost RISC CPU and RAM • Disk or diskless peripheral device • LAN card for the comminucation I/O • Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse and Audio Output Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 5 IP-based protcols defined • TCP - Transmission Control Protocol • FTP - File Transfer Protocol • Telnet - Terminal emulation and remote login • NFS - Network File System • UDP - User Datagram Protocol • SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol • DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol • Bootp - Boot Protocol Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 6 World Wide Web Standards • HTML - HyperText Markup Language is the publishing format for WWW sites • HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol • Java Application Environment – Java Virtual Machine and runtime environment – Java class libraries Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 7 Mail protocols • SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol • IMAP4 - Internet Message Access Protocol Version 4 • POP3 Network Computers - Post Office Protocol Version 3 Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 8 Common Multimidia Formats • Pictures and bitmap images: GIF and JPEG • Sounds and audio: WAV and AU And security supported • ISO 7816 (SmartCards) • Europay / MasterCard / Visa specifications • OpenCard Framework Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 9 In practice a particular evolution of the classical X-Terminals • But with local CPU running applications capability: – HTML Browser – Java Developer Kit and Java class libraries – Java interpreter – Java Virtual Machine – X-Windows – Windows NT Operating System (Windd, etc) – Security for the Intranet and Extranet Massimo Pistoni Computing Service Network Computers support Jun 13th, 1997 10 Cost-To-Use analysis is key • IDG research utilises Cost-To-Use model • Established model measures business computing costs • IDG survey contacted 125 IT managers in France, Germany, UK and US • All businesses had networked PCs and Xterminals (Intranet NC) • Cost-To-Use model reveals significant savings when deploying X-terminals Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 11 Survey finds Intranet NC attractive • NC has lower acquisition cost • Offers reduced costs for software and for software maintenance and distribution • Offers reduced administration, support, training and backup costs • Costs less to upgrade and maintain • Provides universal access to applications and information together with Internet integration Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 12 Cost-To-Use model reveals potential Operations Staff Desktop Client Costs Installation Costs Applications Development Staff Hardware Upgrades End User Training 0 200 400 Networked PC Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 600 800 1000 Network Computers Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 13 Cost-To-Use reveals savings • All line items yield a cost saving for the Intranet NC over the networked PC • Most significant savings in hardware upgrades and applications development staff • Five year costs of Intranet NC show 44% savings compared to networked PC ($39,114 vs $69,686) Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 14 Down time critical to user productivity 60 50 Networked PC Network Computers 40 30 20 10 0 Annual number of failures Network Computers Hours down per failure Jun 13th, 1997 Annual Hours lost Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 15 Upgrades impact productivity • Hardware and software upgrades extend the user down time • Loss of productivity due to scheduled upgrades for intranet NC 25% of networked PC costs • Loss of productivity due to unscheduled down time for intranet NC 36% of networked PC costs Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 16 Intranet NC easiest to install... 60 50 58 40 30 20 24 18 10 0 Network Computers Network Computers Networked PC Jun 13th, 1997 Other/Don't Know Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 17 …and to manage 45 40 42 35 30 33 25 20 23 15 10 5 0 Network Computers Network Computers Networked PC Jun 13th, 1997 Other/Don't Know Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 18 System attributes top purchase criteria Security 5 Access to legacy apps. Performance 0 Ease of installation Reliability Cost Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Ease of Use Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 19 NCs: high growth expected 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1996 1997 US 1998 Western Europe Source: IDG 1997 Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 1999 2000 Rest of World Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 20 Network offers choice • Rise in network development offers choice to IT managers for occupational fit • NCs provide the ideal client characteristics: simple, standard access without the cost and support expenses • NCs promise is low-cost, low-administration, highly secure, enterprise access client desktops • Intranet NCs deliver the NCs promise Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 21 Tests in the LNF • Already tested: – IBM – Tektronix – Sun • To test soon: – HP – NCD Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 22 IBM Network Station • H/W: Low cost Power PC, 32 Mbytes RAM, no disk (with partnership of NCD) • S/W: NetStation Support downloaded from an IBM AIX system • Advantages – Good X-Terminal – Java Virtual Machine • Disadvantages – HTML Browser not yet available Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 23 Tektronix Network Station • H/W: RISC CPU, 24 Mbytes RAM, no disk (model: XP421C) • S/W: XPressWare Version 4.1 downloaded from a Digital OSF system • Advantages – Good X-Terminal – HTML browser (NAVIO = Netscape) • Disadvantages – Java interpreter and JVM not yet available Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 24 Sun Net Station • H/W: RISC CPU 32 Mbytes RAM, no disk (model: Java Station) • S/W: Name Netra J Version 3.1 downloaded from a Sun Solaris system • Advantages – JAVA Interpreter and Java Virtual Machine – HTML browser • Disadvantages – X-Terminal S/W not yet available Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 25 HP and NCD (not tested yet) • We don’t know anything yet about HP NC • For the NCD are available both HTML Browser and Java Virtual Machine (the XWindows S/W is already well known in the LNF) • The already installed NCD (Explora series only) are upgradable to become Network Station with a simple S/W reinstallation on the X Server • HMX model has best performance of Explorapro Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 26 SUN JAVA chip • Sun announced PICOJAVA chip • Specifically engineered to run Java applications • Built to execute in H/W many Java instructions 166MHz • Available inPentium late with Java 1997 at very low cost 0 10 20 Seconds Network Computers interpreter Pentium 166MHz with Java interpreter Pentium 166MHz with Java compiler Pentium 166MHz with Java compiler PicoJava simulation PicoJava simulation 0 30 Javac tests Jun 13th, 1997 100 Seconds 200 RayTracer tests Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 27 Questions? Network Computers Jun 13th, 1997 Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 28