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CHAPTER 24
America in the World
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The year is 1918, and the United States has been drawn
into World War I. Each citizen is called upon to help
the war effort. Some will join the American armed
forces and go to fight in Europe. Others will work in
factories at home, producing weapons and supplies.
Even children will do their part.
How will you support the war effort?
• How can Americans at home help win
the war?
• What might U.S. soldiers experience in
Europe?
• How might being at war affect the
country?
August 15, 1914 U.S-built Panama Canal
officially opens.
May 7, 1915 Many Americans die as German
U-boat sinks Lusitania.
November 7, 1916 Woodrow Wilson is
reelected president.
April 2, 1917 Wilson asks Congress to
declare war on Germany.
January 8, 1918 President Wilson proposes
League of Nations.
To World
November 2, 1920 Warren G. Harding is
elected president.
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June 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary’s Archduke Franz
Ferdinand is assassinated, starting World War I.
February–December, 1915 Allies and Central powers
clash at Gallipoli in the Ottoman Empire.
July–November, 1916 French, British, and Germans
suffer huge losses at the Battle of the Somme.
March 3, 1918 Russia withdraws from the war.
November 11, 1918 The Allies defeat the
Central Powers, ending World War I.
June 28, 1919 The Allies and Germany sign the
Treaty of Versailles.
Back to U.S.
Back to Home
Main Idea
After World War I broke out, the
United States eventually joined
the Allied side.
Why It Matters Now
This was the first time that the United States
was involved in a European conflict.
Map
What were four events that brought the United States
into World War I?
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Germany
invades
Belgium.
U-boat
sinks
Lusitania.
Zimmermann
telegram
discovered.
United States
enters
World War I.
Germany resumes
unrestricted
submarine warfare.
• What were the long-term causes of World War I?
• Why were Americans divided over the issue
of remaining neutral?
• Why was Russia’s withdrawal from the war
in 1917 a blow to the allies?
Analyzing Causes
How did imperialism, nationalism, and
militarism work to reinforce each other?
Think About
• the goals of each
• how nationalism might encourage military buildup
• how nationalism contributed to the race for colonies
Back to Home
Main Idea
U.S. forces helped the Allies win
World War I.
Why It Matters Now
For the first time, the United States asserted
itself as a world power.
Map
How did American groups or individuals help fight
the war?
Women
served as nurses,
clerks, relief workers,
ambulance
drivers
AEF ground
troops helped
push back the
German line
Contributions
U.S. naval
forces escorted
merchant ships
and mined the
North Sea
Sergeant
York killed 25
enemy machine
gunners and took
132 prisoners
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• Why did Wilson want U.S. forces to fight as a
separate American combat unit?
• What were two ways the U.S. Navy countered the
U-boat threat?
• Why was the Meuse-Argonne offensive a turning
point in the war?
Recognizing Effects
How important was America’s entry into
the war to the Allied cause?
Think About
• the morale of Allied troops
• troop strength
• performance in battle
Back to Home
Main Idea
The war required sacrifice for Americans at
home and changed life in other ways.
Why It Matters Now
Some wartime changes were permanent, such
as black migration to Northern cities.
What were some reasons for wartime shifts in population?
Shift
Reasons
African
Americans
Moved from
the South to
Northern cities
To gain employment and
to escape the bigotry,
poverty, and racial
violence of the South
Mexicans
Moved to
the American
Southwest and
Northern cities
To gain jobs and to
escape the chaos and
violence of the Mexican
Revolution
• What were three ways American families could
contribute to the war effort?
• What was the purpose of the Espionage and
Sedition Acts? What groups were most affected
by them?
• What kinds of new job opportunities did the war
create for women and minorities?
Making Inferences
What were the positive and the negative
consequences of American wartime
propaganda?
Think About
• contributions to war effort
• effect on opponents of war and on GermanAmericans
Back to Home
Main Idea
After the war, Americans were divided over
foreign policy and domestic issues.
Why It Matters Now
The war affected the role the United
States played in the world during the rest
of the century.
What were the effects of the war on Europe and the United States?
EFFECTS OF WORLD WAR I
Europe
United States
Destruction and
millions of deaths
Political division
Russian Revolution
Strikes
Breakup of German,
Austro-Hungarian,
and Ottoman empires
Red Scare and Palmer raids
Creation of
new nations
Job opportunities for African
Americans, Mexicans, and women
• Why did Germany resent the Treaty of
Versailles?
• Why did Lodge and other Republicans oppose
joining the League of Nations?
• What caused the Red Scare? Who was the most
affected by it?
Analyzing Points of View
Why was Wilson unable to get other
powers to accept his goals for the peace
conference?
Think About
• conflicting goals
• practicality of Wilson’s aims
• attitudes of other nations towards U.S.
contributions during the war
Back to Home
REVIEW QUESTIONS
ANSWERS: READ AND TAKE NOTES
1 What were the sources of tension between the European
powers that led to war?
2 Why did the United States at first remain neutral in the
war between the Allies and the Central Powers?
3 What brought the United States into the war on the
Allied side?
4 How did the Allies fight the German U-boat threat?
5 How did U.S. entry into the war affect the Allies?
6 What led Germany to agree to an armistice?
7 How did U.S. civilians aid the war effort?
8 How did Congress contribute to increased prejudice and
intolerance on the home front?
9 How did Wilson’s goals for the peace conference differ
from those of his European allies?
10 Why did the Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles?
WORLD WAR I
Effects on the World
Effects on the United States
Millions of military deaths
and injuries
U.S. soldiers sent abroad
Civilian sacrifices
Russian Revolution
Spread of flu epidemic
Breakup of European empires
Lasting resentments among
European countries
Political repression and
anti-German prejudice
New job opportunities for women
and minorities
Great Migration and racial tensions
Back to Home
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