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MUSCLE AND NEURAL TISSUE MUSCLE TISSUES – GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Composed of many cells 2. Well-vascularized 3. Muscle cells are elongated. Muscle cell = muscle fiber 4. Muscle fibers are contractile – they change their shape to cause their attachments to move 5. Three different type = skeletal, smooth and cardiac SKELETAL MUSCLE Most abundant muscle tissue Location - Muscle that is attached to bones of the skeleton Function -They contract, causing body movements Structure – long thin cells, with many nuclei, striated (banded) appearance Control - Voluntary control (brain tells muscle to move) Nuclei Striations SMOOTH MUSCLE Structure - Spindle-shaped cells with one centrally located nucleus, No visible striations Location - Found in the walls of hollow organs other than the heart (digestive and urinary tract organs, uterus, blood vessels) Control - Involuntary Function – moving food thru digestive tract (peristalsis), expelling urine, constricting blood vessels Nuclei CARDIAC MUSCLE Location - Only found in the wall of the heart Function - Contracts to propel blood throughout the body Structure – Mono-nucleated, Intercalated discs – specialized gap junction, Striated or banded appearance Control - Involuntary (unconscious control) NEURAL TISSUE Neural tissue is the main component of the nervous system Located in the brain, spinal cord and nerves Neurons = highly specialized cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses Transmit electrochemical signals to and from the brain