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Chapter 23/24
•Coming out of the Depression
•The New Deal(s)
•Drawn in
•Forced In
•War in Europe
•War in the Pacific
•The War’s Effects at Home
Coming out of the Depression
• Blame placed mostly with Herbert
Hoover and policy of “normalcy”
• Election of 1932- FDR elected;
campaign song “Happy Days are here
again”
• Help campaigning from wife Eleanor
• New Deal promises government help
within first “100 days”
The New Deal(s)
• Closed banks to prevent bank runs and
sets up FDIC
• Creates new jobs through public works
agencies:” Alphabet soup” p. 775
• Codes to prevent business abuses(771)
• Help to Homeowners (FHA)
• Help to Farmers (AAA)
• Rural electrification
• Wagner Act- gives workers power
• Social Security (776)
Drawn in to War
• Changing political climate in
Europe(map on pg 799)
• Rise of Dictators- Stalin, Hitler, Franco ,
Mussolini.
• Germany allies with Soviets; Begin
expansion in W. Europe
• Invasion of Poland, France, Britain
• Genocide of Non-Aryans, especially
Jews.
Forced In
• U- Boat attacks discourage trade, threaten
economy.
• Germany allies with Italy- Japan soon joins.
• This alliance- Axis Powers spread into North
Africa and China
• Public outcry to help those being killed
• Our former allies are being invaded
• Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor Dec. 7,1941
• Dec 11, Germany and Italy Declare war
War In Europe
• Hitler becomes chancellor and president in
1934 and begins to rearm and expand
Germany. (violating Versailles treaty.)
• Axis powers- Italy and Germany (later Japan)
sign treaty- all have a desire to expand
holdings.
• Blitzkrieg in Poland, sitzkrieg in W. Europe.
• German aggression in Norway and Denmark.
French retreat and then give up Paris.
• London Bltiz by Luftwaffe in 1941.
• US joins Fight and signs Atlantic charter- 1st
goal is to limit the success of U-boats.
• US and Allies regain control of Africa and plan
the retaking of Europe at the Casablanca
Conference.
• Italy was the first to be taken back- Mussolini
ousted and Allies gain control.
• Axis spread East in face of losses- attempt to
gain Russian resources-Germany breaks
pact with Stalin.
• Germany stopped at Stalingrad. Losses on
both sides.
• D-day planned as the effort to re-take
Western Europe started in 1944.
• Paris regained by Allies
• Battle of the Bulge in Dec. 1944. 80000
US dead,injured or captured. Germany
lost 100000.
• Russian Red Army applies pressure
from the East. US and British apply from
the West.
• 1945 - Germany surrenders. Hitler
commits suicide. V-E day celebrated but
war continued in Asia.
• Germany and Berlin split up among
Allies at Yalta.
War in Asia
• Japan needs to expand- population
boom in 1920s.
• Limited land in Japanese region
• Two-party system fails- leaves Japan
open for nationalization and military
rule.
• Manchurian incident- opens up the
occupation of China
• Japan was part of the Allied powersWW1
• Japan military begins to serve as gov’tneighboring countries see Japan as a threat
(see map 815)
• Japan becomes part of the Axis Powerscommon enemy with Germany (Russia)
• Japanese expansion part of Greater East
Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere- like lebensraum.
• Japan sought possessions throughout Asia
as far as India.
• Several Allied colonies attacked (pg. 847)
• Bataan Peninsula of the Philippines (US and
Filipino soldiers surrender)
• Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor Dec. 1941
draws US into WWII
• Japan’s goal was to take out US aircraft
carriers.
• Battle at Coral Sea- Japan looking to gain
Australia: Stalemate.
• Japan expansion continues until battles of
Midway (broke code and sunk carriers)and
Guadalcanal (US offensive, first jungle battle):
turn the tide.
• Two largest battles at Iwo Jima and Okinawa
• Sudden end of the war brought upon with the
use of Atomic bombs (2 dropped)
Effects on Societal Groups
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African Americans
Native Americans
Mexican Americans
Japanese Americans
Women