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Download CH. 19 WORLD WAR II
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Ch. 19 WorldWAR War II II WORLD 19:1 Paths to War By March 1935, how was Hitler violating the Treaty of Versailles? By March 1936, What was Hitler doing wrong and how did allies respond? What did Hitler think of France and Great Britain? Describe what happened at the Munich Conference. Who does Hitler want a non-aggression Pact with and why? What happens Sept. 1, 1939, then Sept. 3, 1939? Meanwhile, what has been going on in Japan? 19:1 Paths to War Objective: To describe steps taken by Germany and Japan that led to WWII By March 1935: Hitler violates Treaty March 1936: Hitler sends troops to Rhineland Appeasement: If Hitler is content with this peace will follow Hitler annexed Austria Munich Conference: Neville Chamberlain (British Prime Minister) appeases Hitler with Sudetenland Hitler promises no more demands! Nazi-Soviet nonaggression Pact: To not attach each other & dividing Poland Sept. 1, 1939 Germany invades Poland Sept. 3, 1939 GB, FR declare war on Germany Meanwhile…. 1931 Japan seizes Manchuria…. …….and then some Chiang Kai-shek China Nationalist leader Hideki Tojo Japan military leader Summary 19:1 Describe/list actions taken by Germany and Japan that led to WWII. 19:2 Course of WWII Objective: Describe the greatest amphibian retreat in history? Describe Germany’s attack in Britain and results. Describe Germany’s attack on the Soviet Union and results. Describe the strategy and battles of the Pacific. Blitzkrieg lightning war ; describing Germany’s attack on Poland then others. Dunkirk – Greatest amphibian retreat; British troops rescued off beach of France DUNKIRK RETREAT For five days, fishing boats, yachts, tugs and other little boats braved the bombs and strafing runs of the Luftwaffe to rescue 200,000 British and 140,000 French troops. Some boats made three or more journeys on their own amid dive bombing and strafing by the Luftwaffe. Unlit and unable to comprehend, or respond to naval signals by night, they risked being sunk by their own side. Battle of Britain In retaliation of attack on Berlin, Hitler attacks cities from air; did NOT work. Germany’s attack on Soviet Union; winter came early ; Germany suffers 1st defeat. Japan attacks Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941 (see Hitler’s Boast & Women as spies & timeline p.600-601) ASIAN THEATER Midway Island – turning point for US in Pacific 1942 U.S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur – “island hopping” EASTERN THEATER June 6, 1944 = D-Day US Gen. Dwight Eisenhower in Normandy, France Jan. 1945 – Hitler moves into underground bunker Feb. 1945 – Yalta Conference held April 1945 – 12th- FDR died 28th-Mussolini shot 30th Hitler commits suicide HIROSHIMA – Aug. 6, 1945 NAGASAKI – Aug. 9, 1945 Emperor Hirohito surrenders Aug. 14 Summary Describe steps taken in the Eastern and Asian Theaters to end WWII 19:3 Holocaust List ways in which people were killed. How many Jewish children died? Who were killed 1st in the camps? 1945; how many orphaned children in Europe? How many children evacuated before Hiroshima? 1939; where were 6million British women/children sent? Genocide – physical extermination “Final Solution” Ghettos – crowded, unsanitary, little food Holocaust – mass slaughter Auschwitz – largest extermination camp (Poland) 90% of European Jewish population 10 million non-Jewish “Japanese Behavior” pg. 611 How did the Japanese treat the native peoples of Japanese-occupied lands? Recruited to serve in local military units Forced to work public projects (RxR) POW’s, killed, raped, poor diets, unhealthy climate conditions (12,000 allied POW’s + 90,000 workers died) 19:4 Home Front & Aftermath Soviet Union: 900 days of siege Only country to use women in combat Germany: Changed view of women as workers United States: 1943-building 6 ships/day & 96,000 planes/yr. Million African Americans moved north=riots Million African Americans enroll military Japanese Americans 110,000 to internment camps Japan: young men encouraged to volunteer as Kamikaze pilots Why were civilian populations targeted in bombing raids? thought to be effective way to force gov’ts to make peace. Who ordered the A-bomb be used on Japan? Pres. Harry Truman Because…..US risked high casualty rate on a land invasion Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) Big 3 : GB – Churchill US – FDR SU – Stalin Create United Nations Jointly occupy Germany & Berlin Offer free elections to E. European nations Potsdam Conference (July 1945) Stalin refuses to allow free elections Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech (3/1946) Stalin responds…. “call to war” War Crime Trials: Germany – Nuremburg Trials vs. Nazi leaders Japan & Italy also held war crime trials Describe changes that occurred on the home fronts. Who ordered the A-Bomb be used and why? Describe the Yalta Conference. (Who and what discussed)