Download Appeasement

G- Great Depression
A- Alliances
A- Appeasement
F- Fascism
T- Treaty of Versailles
Causes of WWII
Other
countries
also
America
was
lucky
to
turned to Strong leaders
have
a President
to guide
them out of like
the
crisis.
FDR.
Communist
Russia found
guidance
under the iron
grip of Joseph
Stalin.
Stalin=Russian
for Steel.
Democracy in
Japan is
overthrown by
the Military.
General Togo
rules on behalf
of the Emperor
Italy
established
the first
Fascist
regime
under
Mussolini
Benito
Mussolini Father of Fascism
Fasces=Ancient
symbol of Roman
Fasces
Authority.
Mussolini wanted to
return Italy to the
glory of its Roman
Past.
• Fascism is an authoritarian political idea.
• It seeks to form national unity, based on ethnic,
cultural,& racial attributes.
•The key attribute of
fascism is intolerance
of others: other
religions, languages,
political views,
economic systems,
cultural practices, etc.
Spanish Civil War 1936-1939
• Before the war:
– Spain unable to deal with social tensions generated by industrial
boom and inflation from WWI
Popular Front
Right Wing Military
Rebels
-Antifascist coalition of
democrats, socialists, and
the revolutionary Left
-No allied support other
than USSR
- Led by General Francisco
Franco
-Aided by the fascists
regimes in Italy and
Germany
-Hitler used the Spanish
Civil War to test new
weaponry
• RESULT= Franco’s forces won & established a dictatorship that
lasted in Spain until 1975.
• Remained neutral in WWII bc it had been devastated by its civil war
Hitler studied Mussolini.
Copied him. Surpassed
him.
He rose to power in
Germany based on
resentment to the
Treaty of Versailles.
"Ein
ein
"OneVolk,
People,
einone
oneReich,
Empire,
Führer."
Leader."
Hitler Declared German
Democracy Dead,
Replaced by the 3rd
Reich!
Hitler Brings Germany out
of the Depression via War
Mobilization
Once the Nazi War Machine was
made ready, Hitler unleashed it
on his neighbors.
1. Rebuilt German Army
2. Militarized French
border.
3. Annexed Austria
4. Helped Fascists in
Spanish Civil War.
5. Invaded the
Sudetenland
(Czechoslovakia)
• Britain & France meet with Hitler in 1938
to settle the crisis.
•The Allies allowed
Hitler to keep his
conquests.
•Hitler promised not
This ‘cave-in’ to the
to attack any other
Fascist is the epitome
countries.
of Appeasement
Why
appeasementFrance and
Britain followed a
policy of
appeasement
because they
were still
suffering from
WWI and the
Great
Depression.
Message it gave
to Germany  
Hitler had no intention of sticking to the
Pact and planned on Invading the USSr
later
To prevent an alliance between
the USSR and the West, Hitler
negotiated an Non-Aggression
Pact with Stalin.
Stalin agreed bc he wanted to stall
war with Germany
Russia & Germany agreed to
divide Poland between them
Hitler didn’t have to worry about
a two-front war.
September, 1939. Hitler breaks Munich
Agreement & invades Poland.
Allies declare war on Germany.
Blitzkrieg – “lightning war”
• Use concentration of
tanks, mobile
infantry, and massive
airpower to quickly
cut across enemy
lines
• Wanted to avoid
Trench Warfare of
WWI
As Hitler
started his
conquest in
Europe, Japan
was doing the
same in Asia.
When I say
Brutal
I mean
In 1931, Japan invaded
China.
The League condemned
this action.
Japan said, “Screw the
League!”
1931-36, Japan Brutally
conquers coastal China.
Up to 300,000
America
is
alarmed
by
Chinese
Japanese
civilians
were
Aggression.
SamuraiJapanese
massacred
officers
To stop Japanese
whenthethe
practiced
FDR stops
use
of the Military,
Japanese
took
Katana
on exports
the Capital
of
of key
prisoners
China.
resources: Iron, Oil.
Alliance of Germany,
Italy,& Japan.
These nations
aspired to be
the new Axis
(center)
around which
the world
Turns.
Pearl Harbor from the Cockpit
of a Japanese Pilot
Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7, 1941
A date which will live in infamy!
Colonial fighters
Women were encouraged to work
in most countries to contribute to
the war mobilization effort
Rosie the Riviter
• Great Britain- women held 50% of civil
service positions and a great number
worked in agriculture. Women were
encouraged to grown their food in parks
to offset food shortages.
• Soviet Union- the number of working
women increased by 60%.
• Germany- Nazis were resistant to
female employment but eventually
encouraged women to work. However,
female employment increased only
slightly.
• Japan- opposed female employment.
Saw it as a weakening of the family
system.
Turning Points of the War
• America’s entry into the war
• Battle of Stalingrad- Hitler wanted to take this major industrial center
on the Volga River. Heavy Soviet resistance combined with the
onset of winter forced the Germans to surrender after losing 300,000
men.
• Battle of Midway- American planes destroyed all 4 major Japanese
aircraft carriers. Established American naval superiority in the
Pacific.
• Battle of Normandy- Americans won the battle on the beaches of
Normandy and established a presence that allowed them to land
2 million men and half a million vehicles. Shortly thereafter the allies
liberated Paris.
Hiroshima – August 6, 1945
© 70,000 killed
immediately.
© 48,000 buildings.
destroyed.
Nagasaki – August 9, 1945
© 40,000 killed
immediately.
© 60,000 injured.
© 100,000s died of
radiation poisoning &
cancer later.
Horrors of the Holocaust Exposed
Mass Graves at Bergen-Belsen
The Beginning of the
Atomic Age and the COLD
WAR
WW II Casualties: Europe
Each symbol
indicates 100,000
dead in the
appropriate theater
of operations
WW II Casualties: Asia
Each symbol
indicates 100,000
dead in the
appropriate theater
of operations
Cold War
Germany is
Divided Among
the Allied Powers
Berlin Wall
Divides Germany
into US, French,
and British
influence in the
West and Russian
influence in the
East
The Emergence of Third
World Nationalist Movements
The De-Colonization of
European Empires
QUIZ!
1. A key attribute of this ism is its intolerance
of other religions, languages, political
views, economic systems, cultural
practices
A. Capitalism
B. Communism
C. Authoritarianism
D. Fascism
Quiz!
2. Hitler brought Germany out of the
Depression because he…
A. Got German people to blame the Jews
B. promoted war mobilization
C. created jobs for his people
D. Both B and C
Quiz!
3. Which of the following was NOT an act of
aggression that led to WWII?
A. Germany's militarization of the French
border.
B. Germany’s invasion of Ethiopia
C. Germany’s support for the Fascists in Spanish
Civil War.
D. Germany’s invasion of the Sudetenland
Quiz!
4. Which of the following actions represents
appeasement?
A. Giving a bully your lunch money so they will
not beat you up
B. Buying your friend a really nice gift for his
birthday
C. Telling on someone when they do something
bad
D. Cheering your friend up after they break up
with their boyfriend.
Quiz!
5. What happened at the Munich conference?
A. France declared War on Germany
B. Italy created an alliance with Germany and
Japan
C. The Allies allowed Hitler to keep his
conquests if he promised not to attack any more
countries
D. Scientific leaders meet to discuss the political,
medical, and social implications of dropping an
atomic bomb.
Quiz!
6. What was the Rape of Nanking?
A. When China brutally attacked Korea
B. When Japan brutally attacked China
C. When China brutally attacked Japan
D. When Japan brutally attacked the US
Quiz!
7. What was the US’s response to the Rape
of Nanking?
A. The US stopped selling iron and oil
exports to Japan
B. The US declared war on Japan
C. The US used appeasement and just
gave Japan a warning
D. The US took no notice of Japan’s
actions
Quiz!
8. What area did Germany and Russia try to
divide that Germany ultimately took over?
A. France
B. Belgium
C. Poland
D. Ukraine
Quiz!
9. What country was Benito Mussolini a
dictator of?
A. Russia
B. Spain
C. Italy
D. Germany
Quiz!
10. What country was Joseph Stalin a
dictator of?
A. Russia
B. Spain
C. Italy
D. Germany
Exit Ticket
• Compare and contrast WWI and WWII
You must discuss at least 2 similarities and
2 differences.