Download Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Reconstruction Finance
Corporation
• Made Loans to companies to
help them with the cost of
converting to war production
American Industry Gets the Job
Done!!
• After the attack on Pearl Harbor,
almost all major American
industries and 200,000 companies
converted to war production.
Automobile Industries
• Produced Trucks, jeeps, tanks
Henry Ford
• Created an assembly line for B-24
bombers
Liberty Ships
• Henry Kaiser’s shipyards built
these
• Were welded, making them
cheaper, and easier to build
• More difficult to fall apart and sink
War Production Board
• Set priorities and production goals
• Control the distribution of raw
materials & supplies
Building an Army
• To win the war, it was crucial to build
up the Armed Forces
• Selective Services and Training Act –
first peacetime draft in history
• GIs = Government Issued ( uniforms)
Segregated troops
• At the beginning of the war.
• Tuskegee Airmen = an African
American Unit who played an
important role in the Battle of
Anzio in Italy.
• Full military integration by 1948
WAAC
• Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps
(1942)
• 1st Time women were allowed in the
military
• The army, navy, and the marines set up
their own women’s organizations.
Did you know?
• In the Battle of Stalingrad, the city
was ruined, and the Soviets
suffered more casualties than the
U.S. did in the entire war.
Holding the line Against Japan
• U.S. Navy Admiral Chester Nimitz
could do little to stop the advance
of Japanese into Southeast Asia.
Japan attacked American airfields
in the Philippines and landed their
troops in the islands.
Gen. Douglas MacArthur
• Retreated to Bataan Peninsula with
badly outnumbered troops.
• FDR ordered evacuation to Australia.
• Allied defenders of Bataan finally
surrendered, and thousands died on the
Bataan Death March to a Japanese
Prison Camp
B- 25 Bombers
•
•
•
•
In early 1942
Could attack from farther away
Bombed Japan
Changed Japan’s strategy
Battle of Midway
• Turning point of the war
• Americans shot down 38 Japanese
planes and destroyed 4 Japanese
Carriers
• Stopped the Japanese advance in
the Pacific
Turning Back the German Army
• Stalin urged FDR to open a second
front in Europe.
• FDR ordered the attack of
Morocco & Algeria, French
territories under German control.
North Africa Nov. 1942
• Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower & Gen
Patton( Casablanca)
• Fighting begins between Germans &
U.S.
• Huge U.S. losses
• May 13, 1943, German forces
surrendered in North Africa
German Submarines
• Sinking American Ships
• Convoy system
• U.S. Shipyards built more ships than
Germany could sink.
Hitler & the Soviets
• Hitler wanted to destroy the Soviet
Economy
• Ordered the capture of oil fields, industries,
farmlands
• Tried to capture Stalingrad, but the Soviets
held firm
• Winter --- Germans surrendered
Battle of Stalingrad
• Is a turning point in the war because it put
the Germans on the defensive.
The good news
• Economic Depression ended
• Women & Minorities gained ground
• Rosie the Riveter , a character became
a symbol of working women.
• 2.5 million women enter the work
force
African Americans
• Factories still resisted hiring
• FDR = Executive Order 8802= no
discrimination in the employment
of workers in the defense industries
or government
A Nation on the Move
• 15 million Americans moved West & South
This created the Sunbelt
$1.2 billion is allocated to build schools,
public housing, and community centers to
accommodate new workers
Great Migration
• African Americans left the South
and headed to factories in the
North and West
Feb. 19, 1942
• FDR signed an order allowing the War
Dept. to declare any part of the U.S. a
military zone & remove anybody from that
zone.
• West Coast is declared a military zone.
• Japanese Americans are evacuated to 10
Internment Camps
Office of Price Management
• Regulated wages & the price of farm
products
• Prevent strikes
• Rationing
• Victory Gardens
Support with Patriotism
• E bonds
• Most Americans were united in the
goal of winning the war
• Built artillery, rifles, mines,
helmets, pontoon bridges, cooking
pots and other military supplies,
producing nearly one third of the
military equipment that was
manufactured during the war.