Download Turning Points of the War

Hitler’s Aggression
Before WWII
I. Hitler’s Rise to Power
1. By 1933, Hitler created a fascist
police state in Germany.
2. He defied the Treaty of
Versailles and built a powerful
military
3. He then began to take land for
his Third Reich
II. Hitler’s Aggression
(Mark the steps of aggression on your map)
1. Germany Remilitarized the
Rhineland (the area between
France and Germany)
2. Hitler unified Germany and
Austria (1938)
3. Hitler takes Sudetenland in
Czechoslovakia (1938)
III. Allied Response
• The Allies APPEASED (gave in)
Hitler.
• England, France, Germany and
Italy signed the MUNICH PACT
• This allowed Hitler to take over
territory if he agreed to stop
aggression
• The USSR & Germany sign a
Non-aggression Pact.
IV. Hitler’s Aggression
Continues
Germany attacks Poland from
the west; the USSR attacks
Poland from the east. This
was agreed upon secretly in
the Non-Aggression Pact.
V. Blitzkrieg!
“Lightning War”
Hitler’s military strategy to
take land quickly. Airplanes
strafe the ground with machine
guns; tanks & infantry follow,
moving quickly and destroying
everything in sight.
The Second
World War
begins . . .
SEPTEMBER 3, 1939 ENGLAND AND
FRANCE DECLARE WAR ON
GERMANY
Battles
of
World War II
I. The War in
North Africa
•With the help of Italy’s
Mussolini the Germans
controlled most of North Africa By
April of 1940.
•British General Montgomery
was facing German Field
Marshall Rommel, also known
as the Desert Fox.
II. THE WAR IN
WESTERN
EUROPE…
•In May of 1940 the
Nazis invade France.
•A pro Nazi government
was set up in Southern
France called the Vichy
Government.
• Great Britain stood alone
against Hitler
• The Battle of Britain an air
battle began as Hitler
bombed British cities.
• The night bombing of London
was aimed at civilians.
• The new Prime Minister of
England, Winston Churchill gave
hope when he said, “This is our
finest hour”.
• The Royal Air Force or the RAF,
fought the Germans at odds of 8
Nazi planes to 1 British plane.
• Churchill said, “We shall never
surrender”
III.WAR IN
EASTERN EUROPE
•In 1941 Hitler turns on
Stalin and begins Operation
Barbarossa an attack on the
Soviet Union.
•Stalin issues the scorched
earth policy burning Russian
land as the Germans attack.
• The city of Leningrad is
under siege for 1000 days.
• The Russian winter brought
hardships and starvation for
all.
• In 1942 Hitler attacks the
City of Stalingrad.
•The people in Leningrad
were so hungry they ate
rats and shoe leather.
•Hitler was close to
conquering the Soviet
Union.
IV. War in the
Pacific . . .
•Meanwhile in the Pacific the
Japanese said, “The Pacific is
ours”
•Japan planned to take over
Manchuria, Korea and the
Philippines.
•Japan wanted to take over the
rest of the islands in the Pacific
•This was called the Tanaka
•On December 7, 1941 Japan
attacked the US pacific fleet
at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.
•On December 8,1941 the
United States declared war
on Japan and Germany.
• President Roosevelt said,
“This is a day which will live
in infamy”.
The Turning
Point of the
War
I. North Africa
and Southern
Europe
•
General Montgomery and
US General Patton turned
back the Nazi’s at El
Alamein in Egypt.
•
They pushed the Germans
back to Tunisa where they
escaped back to Italy.
II. Eastern and
Western Europe
•The Russian winters badly
crippled Germany.
•The Russians were finally
able to turn the Germans
out of Stalingrad.
•Allied forces prepare for
Operation Overlord or D-Day.
• On June 6, 1944 allied forces
crossed the English Channel and
landed on the beaches of
Normandy in Northern France.
•In July 1944 German top
ranking soldiers tried to
assassinate Hitler, but the
plot failed.
•Hitler killed all the
conspirators.
•After D-Day the Allies
liberated France and then
pushed east towards Germany.
Germany tried but failed to
push the Americans out of
Europe in their last offensive at
the Battle of the Bulge.
•American troops moving east and
Soviet troops moving west met at
the River Elbe.
•The Soviets attacked Berlin,
•Hitler committed suicide,
resistance fighters shot Mussolini.
•Germany surrendered May 7th
1945
•The allies celebrated V-E Day or
Victory in Europe.
III. In the Pacific
•Meanwhile the United States
decodes Japanese plans to attack the
Island of Midway.
•This results in a US Victory at
Midway.
•General MacArthur regained the
Philippines.
•Hundreds of Japanese pilots
volunteer for suicide missions known
as Kamikazes.
•The US decides to drop the
first atomic bomb on
Hiroshima August 6 1945.
•Three days later a second
bomb was dropped on
Nagasaki.
•Japan surrendered on August
14,1945.
THE COST
1 trillion dollars
55 million lives