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NAZI WORLDVIEW 1933: Hitler withdrew Germany from League of Nations 1935: Announced the creation of a new airforce, and began drafting to increase the army to five times its size 1936: Germany in alliance with Italy and Japan; Nazis in control in Austria 1938: Germany formally annexed Austria 1938: Munich Conference “agreed” to let Germany occupy Sudetenland (NW Czechoslovakia). Within a month, Hitler occupied Czech lands and set up a puppet state in Slovakia 1939: Hitler signs non-aggression pact with Stalin over Poland (Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and eastern Poland were already under Soviet influence Sept 1, 1939: Hitler attacks Poland. Blitzkrieg By April-May 1940: Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, France 1940: Churchill replaces Chamberlain; end of “appeasement” policy; Hitler’s unsuccessful attempt to block Suez (oil) traffic 1941: Germany invades Greece and Yugoslavia, and later Soviet Union. Declares war on the US. By December, Germany was beginning to show signs of faltering. War in Asia began in 1937: Japan invaded China. Later, it got into a conflict with Britain over India, Burma, Malaya. By 1942, Japanese expansion was contained Dresden, 1945 View from the city hall over the devastated inner city. Photo by Richard Peter. Source: Images of War: 130 Years of War Photography HOME FRONT Britain: civilian “war work” – women in civil services, agriculture, Grow Your Own Food campaigns, regulation of industries Soviet Union: supercentralization; women formed more than 60% of the work force United States: race problems because of African American migrations and mobilization. Discrimination against Japanese Americans Japan: Hiroshima – 140,000 died by the end of 1945. Another 50,000 died by 1950 Germany: Divided into four occupation zones at 1945 San Francisco Conference http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/wit/rosie.htm Hiroshima, 1945 A shadow on the wall is all that is left of this Japanese civilian Source: Images of War: 130 Years of War Photography by Rainer Fabian and Hans Christian Adam (1983) “Embedded” journalism Okinawa, 1945. In order to be able to take pictures from a dive bomber, war photographer David Duncan had a special container mounted under the wings of this combat aircraft. Source: Images of War: 130 Years of War Photography by Rainer Fabian and Hans Christian Adam (1983)