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Aim: Summarize events that led to the surrender of Germany & of Japan Germany Sparks a New War in Europe Allies were preparing to push toward victory in Europe 1943: Allies began building an invasion force in Britain Plan was to launch an attack on German held France across the English Channel June 6, 1944: Planes, ships, tanks, landing craft, & 3 million troops planned to strike on the coast of Normandy (Northwestern France) Known as the D-Day Invasion Germans knew an attack would happen but didn’t know where By September, they had liberated France, Belgium, Luxembourg Dec 6: German tanks broke through American defenses but were pushed back (Battle of the Bulge) Germany’s Unconditional Surrender March 1945: 3 million Allied soldiers approached Berlin from the Southwest Six million Soviet troops approached from the East May 7, 1945: General Eisenhower accepted the unconditional surrender of the Third Reich from the German military The United States & other Allied powers celebrated VE Day (Victory in Europe) Victory in the Pacific Allies were still fighting the Japanese in the Pacific Japanese had devised a bold plan to halt the Allied advance They would destroy the American fleet This would prevent the Allies from resupplying their ground troops Within days, the Japanese navy had lost disastrously Kamikazes (Japanese suicide pilots) were only thing between Allies and Japan Pilot would sink Allied ships by crashdiving bomb-filled planes into them March 1945: American Marines took Iwo Jima April 1: US troops moved to Okinawa June 21: Japanese lost 100,000 in battle The Japanese Surrender President Truman’s advisers had informed him than an invasion of the Japanese homeland might cost the Allies 500,000 lives Truman decided to use a powerful new weapon (Atomic Bomb) Aug 6, 1945: The United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima Aug 9: Second bomb dropped on Nagasaki Sept 2: The Japanese finally surrendered to General MacArthur