Download Print › Chapter 23 World War II 2014

Chapter 23 World War II 2014-2015
Study online at quizlet.com/_18m7oy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
"Cash and
Carry"
A policy that required a belligerent nations to pay
cash for goods and transport them on their own
ships.
Allies
Name for the powers fighting Germany,
eventually including the US, Britain, France, and
the Soviet Union.
America
First
Committee
It was formed in 1940 by die-hard isolationists
who feared the U.S. going to war. Charles
Lindberg, became politically controversial
because he was an isolationist and proGermany.
Atlantic
Charter
In August 1941, FDR and Churchill meet and
agreed to eight main principles of a post war
world.
Axis
Name for nations fighting the Allies, including
Germany, Italy, and Japan.
Battle of
Okinawa
Battle of
Stalingrad
Battle of
the Bulge
The U.S. had been pursuing an "island-hopping"
campaign, moving north from Australia towards
Japan. They invaded this island on April 1, 1945,
only 300 miles south of the Japanese home
islands. By the time the fighting ended on June
2, 1945, the U.S. had lost 50,000 men and the
Japanese 100,000.
It was the site of critical World War II Soviet
victory that reversed Germany's advance to the
East. First major defeat for the Germans in
World War II.
After recapturing France, the Allied advance
became stalled along the German border. In the
winter of 1944, Germany staged a massive
counterattack in Belgium and Luxembourg
which pushed 30 miles into the Allied lines. The
Allies stopped the German advance and threw
them back across the Rhine with heavy losses.
D-Day
On June 6, 1944, Allies planned invasion of
Normandy, France. "Debarkation Day"
Death
March of
Bataan
When American and Filipino soldiers finally
surrendered to the Japanese, they were forced to
walk 90 miles to a P.O. W. camp. Thousands of
the soldiers died in the process.
Double
Victory
Campaign
Victory over fascism abroad, and victory over
discrimination at home. Large numbers of
African-Americans migrated from poor Southern
farms to munitions centers. Racial tensions were
high in overcrowded cities like Chicago; Detroit
and Harlem experienced race riots in 1943.
Exectutive
Order
9066
FDR's order permitting the military to declare
certain areas off-limits to any or all persons. Due
to the heightened anxiety and fear, anyone of
Japanese decent was order to relocate to
internment camps.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Executive
Order 8802
FDR's order that forbade discrimination in the
defense industries and government.
Final
Solution
Hitler's plan to systematically murder the Jews
and other "lesser" peoples. The Holocaust
resulted in the murder of over 11 million people,
6 million being Jews.
General
Douglas
MacArthur
Military governor of the Philippines, which
Japan invaded a few days after the Pearl Harbor
attack. He escaped to Australia in March 1942
and was appointed supreme commander of the
Allied forces in the Pacific.
General
Dwight D.
Eisenhower
Served as the supreme commander of the
western Allied forces and became chief of staff
in 1941. Sent to Great Britain in 1942 as the U.S.
commander in Europe.
Korematsu
v. US
The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality
of relocating and interning Japanese
Americans as a justifiable military measure.
Lend-Lease
A policy that circumvented "Cash and Carry" by
loaning rather than selling arms to Allies.
Manhattan
Project
Code-named secret U.S. government research
program to produce the atomic bomb.
Munich
Conference
Hoping to avoid war, Britain and France agreed
to let Germany occupy the Sudetenland, a
German-speaking part of Czechoslovakia.
Neutrality
Acts
A series of laws from 1935-39 which restricted
arms sales, loans, and transport of goods with
nations at war.
NonAggression
Pact
Germany and Russia agreed not to attack each
other, which allowed Hitler to open up a second
front in the West without worrying about
defending against Russia.
Nuremberg
Trials
After the war, the Allies tried twenty-two
German civil and military leaders were found
guilty of "war crimes." 12 were sentenced to
death, 3 to life sentences and the rest to five to
twenty year sentences.
Panay
Incident
In 1937 on the Yantze River in China, Japanese
aircraft sank an American gunboat escorting
tankers. The U.S. accepted Japan's appologies.
Potsdam
Conference
Allied leaders Truman, Stalin and Churchill met
in Germany to set up zones of control and to
inform the Japanese that if they refused to
surrender at once, they would face total
destruction.
Tehran
Conference
A meeting between FDR, Churchill and Stalin
in Iran to discuss coordination of military
efforts against Germany, they repeated the
pledge made in the earlier Moscow Conference
to create the United Nations after the war's
conclusion to help ensure international peace.
27.
28.
29.
30.
United
Nations
In San Francisco, April 25th to June 26th 1945, an international organization that offered nations a place to discuss their
differences and collectively promote economic development and peace was formed.
Women's
Army
Corps
Over 150,000 served in this capacity either as nurses or clerks, fulfilling vital communication and record-keeping services.
Few will remain in the Army after the war due female slots being cut.
Yalta
Conference
Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin met here to make final war plans, arrange the post-war fate of Germany, and discuss the
proposal for creation of the United Nations. They announced the decision to divide Germany into four post-war zones of
occupation. Russia also agreed to enter the war against Japan, in exchange for Japanese land.
Zoot Suit
Riot
In 1943, a series of fights that broke out in Los Angeles, California, between white sailors and Marines stationed in the city
and Latino youths, who were recognizable by their clothes. After several days, more than 150 people had been injured and
police had arrested more than 500 Latinos on charges ranging from "rioting" to "vagrancy".