Download World History II SOL Review

World History II
SOL Review
Use these slides like flash cards to
study for the SOL test
WHII.11 – WHII.12
Outbreak of World War II
What were the major causes for WWII?
• Aggression by totalitarian powers.
• Germany, Italy, Japan
• Nationalism
• Failures of WHAT treaty?
• Treaty of Versailles
• Appeasement
• Weaknesses of League of Nations
• Isolationism and Pacifism
Major Events of WWII
• What event marks the beginning of
WWII?
• Germany’s invasion of Poland
• Germany’s invasion of what allied
nation gave them control of both
East and West Europe?
• France
A World Divided
• Who were the Allied
Powers?
• Great Britain
• France
• Soviet Union (after
Germany broke their
non-aggression pact
and invaded)
• The United States
• Who were the Axis
Powers?
•
•
•
•
Germany
Italy
Japan
USSR (until Germany
broke their nonaggression pact and
invaded)
Major Events of WWII
• How did Germany void the Nazi-Soviet
Non-Aggression Pact?
• By invading the Soviet Union, August 1943
• What event brought the US into the war?
• Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941
• What was the major blitzkrieg attack of
Britain?
• The Battle of Britain – RAF were able to keep
the Luftwaffe at bay.
Major Events of WWII
European Theater
Hitler invades Soviet Union (1941) Operation
Barbarossa
Battle of Stalingrad (1942) – German troops weakened
and pushed back to the west.
What do we call the Allied invasion of Europe?
D-Day, Invasion of Normandy (June 6, 1944) – the Allies
liberated France
The war in Europe officially came to an end May 8,
1945, known as _____.
VE Day – Hitler committed suicide in April, 1945
and Germany agreed to unconditional surrender
Major Events of WWII
Pacific Theater
What battle of the Pacific was a major turning point in
the war (for the Allies)
The Battle of Midway
How did the war in Japan end?
Atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
Which American President made the decision to drop
the bombs?
Harry S. Truman
What was The Holocaust?
• The Nazi controlled killing of more than 6 million
Jews
• How did the Nazis first suspend the rights of Jews?
• Nuremberg Laws
• How did the Germans exterminate the Jews?
• Concentration Camps – poison gas
• The Holocaust is an example of the physical
extermination of a people – what is this called?
• Genocide
What are other examples of 20thCentury Genocide?
• WHO did the Turkish (Ottoman) government
kill millions of during WWI??
• Armenians
• WHO is responsible for the murder 1 million
of his own people in Cambodia??
• Pol Pot
• WHO engineered the mass killing of Tutus in
Rwanda?
• Hutus
Post War – International
Organizations
WHAT organization replaced the ineffective
League of Nations?
• United Nations
WHAT is the name of the strong executive branch
of the UN?
• Security Council – with 5 permanent members
WHY did the UN create the World Bank?
• Help stabilize world economies
Rebuilding Germany
• HOW did the Allies attempt to
de-Nazify Germany?
• Divided the occupation of
Germany amongst the 4 allies
• WHAT was the result?
• A western – pro-democracy
Germany in the West and an
eastern-communist Germany
in the East
• WHERE were Nazis tried for
crimes against humanity?
• Nuremberg Trials
Rebuilding Europe
• WHAT does USSR gain at the conferences
of Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam?
• Allowed to dominate Eastern Europe
• WHAT was the result?
• An “iron curtain” falls between East and
West Europe (Churchill)
• WHAT was the US plan for rebuilding
Europe and stopping the spread of
Communism?
• Marshall Plan
Rebuilding Japan
• Tojo is executed for war crimes
• Hirohito allowed to keep throne, but no
longer “divine ruler”
• American troops occupy Japan under
General MacArthur – they can have NO
military
• RESULT?
• Japan transforms into major global
economic power
What is the COLD WAR?
• Competition between the two new post-war
super powers.
• WHO are these super powers?
• The US (Truman) and the USSR (Stalin)
• WHAT Eastern European countries became
the USSR’s buffer states?
• Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany,
Hungary, Poland and Romania
COLD WAR alliances and policies
• WHAT military alliance did the West form after
WWII?
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
• What did the Eastern Bloc countries form in
response?
• Warsaw Pact
• As the US and her Allies became concerned about
communism, they came up with what policy?
• The Truman Doctrine of Containment
COLD WAR cold conflicts
• WHAT did the USSR do in opposition to the creation of a
pro-West German state?
• The Berlin Blockade
• What was the West’s response?
• Berlin Airlift
• As the US and her Allies became concerned about
communism, they came up with what policy?
• The Truman Doctrine of Containment
• How does USSR prevent people from fleeing East Berlin to
the West?
• The Berlin Wall – the symbol of the Cold War
Cold War in Asia
• WHAT COUNTRY?
• 1949 Civil War
• Communists led by Chairman Mao TseTung (Zedong)
• Nationalists led by Chiang Kai-shek – who
was forced to flee to Taiwan
• Tension still exists between the Communist
country and Taiwan
• CHINA
Cold War HOT Conflicts
• WHAT conflict?
• Above the 38th Parallel was Communist,
below was pro-west
• The North invaded the South in an attempt
to spread communism
• The US sent troops to repel invaders
• It ended in a stalemate.
• THE KOREAN WAR – still divided
Cold War HOT Conflicts
• WHAT conflict?
• The US was concerned about this conflict
because of the Domino Theory
• Ho Chi Minh=leader of Communist
Nationalists
• LBJ escalated US involvement in the
conflict – Nixon removed the troops
• The entire country falls to communism
• VIETNAM CONFLICT – all communist
Cold War HOT Conflicts
• WHAT country?
• Communist Leader Fidel Castro, supported
by the Soviet Union (Khrushchev)
• CIA trained former citizens attempted to
overthrow Castro at the Bay of Pigs
• Soviet missiles found in the country
prompted fear of a nuclear war!
• Soviet leader Khrushchev backed down to
Kennedy’s demands
• CUBA – Cuban Missile Crisis
How did the Cold War End?
• Soviet economy failed
• Mikhail Gorbachev’s (1985-1991) reforms:
• Ban intermediate-range missiles
• Perestroika – economic reforms
• Glasnost – openness
• What symbolizes the end of the Cold War?
• Fall of the Berlin Wall