Download World_History_files/WH Ch15.1 ANS

World History
Chapter 15 Sec.1
Worksheet #01
Name _____________________
Date________________________
Mods _____
Beginnings of the Cold War
Read Chapter 15 section 1 pages 479-483 and answer the following questions.
All answers are mostly in order of the reading.
The Cold war is the term used to describe the intense rivalry that developed after WWII between groups of
communist and free/capitalist nations. On one side was the Soviet Union and its Communist allies, often referred to as
the Warsaw Pact. On the other side was the United States and its free/democratic allies, usually referred to as the
NATO nations. The struggle was called the Cold War because it did not actually lead to fighting on a wide scale. (481)
The Cold War was characterized by mutual defense, distrust, and suspicion by both the United States and the
Soviet Union, and their allies. At times, these conditions increased the likelihood of a nuclear war. The United States
accused the Soviet Union of seeking to expand communism throughout the world. The Soviets meanwhile, charged the
United States with practicing containment and with attempting to stop revolutionary activity in other countries.
1.
At the Potsdam Conference what was decided on concerning what would happen to defeated Germany? (480)
a. Divide Germany into 4 zones of occupation: USSR got 1/3 of Germany, the other 2/3 went to U.S., G.B.,
and France.
b. Divide Berlin into 4 zones.
c. Rid Germany of any remnants of the Nazi Party and beliefs.
d. Make Germany pay for reparations for the destruction caused during the war.
2. The Cold War becomes a struggle between nations with different form of government, economic systems, and ways
of life. In short, the cold war was a conflict between communism and capitalist democracy. What did President
Truman tell his secretary of state in January of 1946? Another war is in the making. In February of 1946, what did
Stalin say? War is bound to happen. What did Winston Churchill say? Iron Curtain, we shouldn’t ignore problems
(481)
3. In early 1947, Soviet-backed communists were threatening what two countries? Greece & Turkey. (481)
4. What was the Truman Doctrine? (481)
Pledge to provide economic and military aid to oppose the spread of communism.
5. What was the Marshall Plan? (481)
Massive economic aid program providing $13 billion to rebuild Europe.
6. The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan demonstrated the West’s Cold War policy of Containment. Define this
policy. (482)
Resisting Soviet aggression in order to contain the spread of communism.
7. Describe the crisis in Berlin during June 1948. What was the response of the Western leaders? (4 82)

In June 1948, USSR blocked all land, rail, and water into West Berlin. Western leaders refused to give in.

Flew in all necessary supplies to Western Berlin.
8. What two military alliances were formed after the crisis in Berlin? Who made up each one and what was the goal of
each? (482)

Nato: (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) U.S., Canada, Most of Western Europe.
o

Counter the USSR
Warsaw Pact: Soviet Union and Eastern Europe
o
Defense alliance
9. Describe the situation in Korea. How did this lead to the first fighting during the Cold War? (482-483)

USSR turned North Korea to a communist country.

U.S. had a democratic gov’t in South Korea.

June 1950, N.K. invaded S.K. since N.K. wanted to unite all of Korea under a communist gov’t
FILL IN THE BLANK: For each of the following statements, fill in the blank with the appropriate word, phrase, or name.
1.
Soon after WWII, the United States and the Soviet Union entered an era of hostility and tension, which became
known as the Cold War. (481)
2. In a speech in the United States, Winston Churchill used the image of an Iron Curtain to describe the division of
Europe due to Soviet actions. (481)
3. In 1947, President Truman announced that the United States would provide economic and military aid to oppose the
spread of communism. This pledge was known as the Truman Doctrine. (481)
4. The Marshall Plan provided $13 billion for rebuilding Europe after WWII. (481)
5. The West’s policy of containment involved resisting Soviet aggression in order to contain the spread of
communism. (482)
6. In June 1948, Western leaders organized the Berlin Airlift to provide supplies to West Berlin, which was cut off by
the Soviets. (482)