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THE
USA
ENTERS
WWII
Pearl Harbor
War in the Pacific
D-Day Invasion of Europe
THE WAR IN EUROPE - 1941
• Hitler Fighting a
2 FRONT WAR
• Violated treaty with
Stalin & Russia
• Stalin joins Allies
• Nazis secretly
exterminating Jews in
camps
THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC - 1941
• Empire of Japan
invades China,
Thailand,
Burma,
Indonesia &
Most Pacific
islands
• USA not focused
on Pacific
Theatre
PEARL HARBOR
Sunday, December 7, 1941
• Sailors calmly
relaxing on a
beautiful Sunday
Morning
• Japan breaks off
diplomatic talks
with USA
• Airplane squadron
launches attack
from carriers 230
miles N
• 183 planes in first
wave
Pearl Harbor Port
• Ships docked in
harbor poorly
• Clustered together
• Perfect targets
• Aircraft carriers out
on maneuvers – not
in harbor during
attack
ATTACK BEGINS
• Radar reports
dismissed as our own
planes
• USS Ward fires on
Japanese Submarine
entering Pearl Harbor
• Report of this delayed
• Japanese achieve
surprise attack
THE BOMBING
• Attack begins about
7:53 a.m.
• Japanese command
“Tora!! Tora!!
Tora!! (Tiger, Tiger,
Tiger)
• Japan hits several
US Destroyers
trapped in the
harbor
• Attack lasts about 2
hours
USS ARIZONA
• High Altitude
Bomber drops Armor
Piercing Bomb penetrates into ship’s
ammo storage
• Bomb explodes and
rips the ship in two
• 1,177 sailors die
instantly
SECOND WAVE ATTACK
• 167 more planes
attack
• Anti-Aircraft fire
returned this time
• President
Roosevelt
informed of the
attack
• Pearl Harbor
Hospital
overwhelmed with
dead and
wounded
ATTACK FAILURES
• 2,390 killed
• US Destroyer Fleet
severely damaged –
19
ships sunk or heavily
damaged
• US Hurt but not
Crippled
• Aircraft Carriers escape
attack
• Oil fields & repair yards
NOT hit
USS ARIZONA MEMORIAL
USA DECLARES WAR ON JAPAN
December 8, 1941
• FDR on Pearl Harbor- “A
Day that will live in Infamy”
• China also declares war on
Japan
• Hitler makes second big
mistake of war – Germany
declares war on USA
• Hitler expected Japan to
declare war on Russia –
Japan did not
USA HOMEFRONT MOBILIZES
• With men going into the
Army, Women go to
work in the factories
• “Rosie the Riveter”
campaign to promote
spirit
• 6 million women enter
the work force in
factories– drastic social
change
THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN
•
Most African Americans
serving in WWII in
segregated units (1
million)
•
Tuskegee, Alabama
school to train Black
Pilots
•
600 Pilots made it into
combat – helped begin to
break down segregation
in Armed Forces
Germany Before Japan - 1942

1. Germany more
threatening to Allies
than Japan – England
worn out

2. German science
more likely to build
new weapons

3. Stalin screaming for
a second front to help
Russia
OPERATION BARBAROSSA
June 22, 1941
• Largest invasion in
History- 3 million men
• Nazis pour into Russia
• Destroy everything
• As Russians retreat,
they use “Scorched
Earth”
• Nazis have nothing to
live on
• Nazis stall at Moscow
and Stalingrad
RUSSIA IN TROUBLE
• Stalin is a paranoid
control freak
• Has murdered many top
Soviet Generals in fear
of a coup
• 2 Facts save Russia:
• Nazis
underestimate size
of Russian Army
• Russian Winter
THE CONFERENCES
• Allies get together
several times during the
war:
• Feb. 1943 Casablanca
• Agree to invade Italy
• Nov. 1943 Teheran
• Agree on D-Day time
• Feb. 1945 Yalta
• How to Handle Germany
• July 1945 Potsdam
• Europe carved up
NORTH AFRICA CAMPAIGN
Axis Powers trying to
capture vital Suez Canal
Nazi General Erwin
Rommel “Desert Fox”
can’t capture Egypt
Allies land in Morocco,
British push Axis out of
Egypt
Nazis Defeated between
Allies in Tunisia
Germany surrenders in
N. Africa May 13, 1943
INVASION OF SICILY
July 10, 1943
 First assault on
Europe
 Invasion led by Gen.
George S. Patton
 Island captured in a
month
 40,000 Germans
escape to Italy
ALLIES INVADE ITALY
Sept. 9, 1943 – June 4, 1944
• Land at Salerno
and face stiff
German
resistance
• Capture Naples
on Oct. 1
• 5 Month Siege
of Rome ends 2
days before DDay
MUSSOLINI OUSTED
• Italy’s collapse ends
fascist rule in Italy
• Mussolini briefly runs
shadow Gov’t in N. Italy,
1944
• Mussolini and mistress
caught trying to flee to
Switzerland
• Executed by Italian
Communists, April 28,
1945
D-DAY
June 6, 1944
• “Operation
Overlord”
• Allies invade
France at
Normandy
• Faked Hitler to
think invasion
would come from
Dover to Calais
D-Day Invasion
• 4,000 ships & 3
•
•
million troops
assault the
Nazi “Atlantic
Wall”
Led by Gen.
Dwight D.
Eisenhower
US lands
primarily at
Omaha and
Utah beaches
General Eisenhower talks to troops
on the morning of D-Day