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Expert Systems Learning Objectives: By the end of this topic you should be able to: • explain what is meant by an expert system • describe the components of an expert system • describe the applications of an expert system Expert Systems In everyday life: Expert Systems In everyday life: • humans interpret information to gain knowledge Expert Systems In everyday life: • humans interpret information to gain knowledge • this knowledge is used as the basis for making decisions Expert Systems In everyday life: • humans interpret information to gain knowledge • this knowledge is used as the basis for making decisions An expert system is: Expert Systems In everyday life: • humans interpret information to gain knowledge • this knowledge is used as the basis for making decisions An expert system is: • a computer program, used to help with a decision making process Expert Systems In everyday life: • humans interpret information to gain knowledge • this knowledge is used as the basis for making decisions An expert system is: • a computer program, used to help with a decision making process • aka rules-based system, knowledge system An Expert System is: An Expert System: • • • • is a computer program is made up of a set of rules analyses information about a specific type of problem. trys to solve a problem in the same way as a human expert – – – – – has a narrow range of expertise gives answers to questions asks questions based on previous responses can show how it reached conclusions can learn from experience (heuristic) • is based on probabilities, not certainties • based on research into Artificial Intelligence (AI) Expert System - Definition • has three components: Expert System - 3 components • knowledge base – set of rules – consists of If...Then… rules – e.g. IF it is raining THEN I need to take an umbrella with me Expert System - 3 components • knowledge base – set of rules – consists of If...Then… rules – e.g. IF it is raining THEN I need to take an umbrella with me • inference engine – evaluates data against the knowledge base – to provide a conclusion Expert System - 3 components • knowledge base – set of rules – consists of If...Then… rules – e.g. IF it is raining THEN I need to take an umbrella with me • inference engine – evaluates data against the knowledge base – to provide a conclusion • user interface – displays questions to be completed by the operator – displays conclusions as output Examples of Expert Systems Examples of Expert Systems • weather forecasting Examples of Expert Systems • weather forecasting • fault diagnosis – electrical goods, cars Examples of Expert Systems • weather forecasting • fault diagnosis – electrical goods, cars • medical diagnosis – diagnose blood infections, identify tumours Examples of Expert Systems • weather forecasting • fault diagnosis – electrical goods, cars • medical diagnosis – diagnose blood infections, identify tumours • facial recognition Examples of Expert Systems • weather forecasting • fault diagnosis – electrical goods, cars • medical diagnosis – diagnose blood infections, identify tumours • facial recognition • careers advice Examples of Expert Systems • weather forecasting • fault diagnosis – electrical goods, cars • medical diagnosis – diagnose blood infections, identify tumours • facial recognition • careers advice • credit scoring – identifying whether or not an individual should be granted credit Examples of Expert Systems • weather forecasting • fault diagnosis – electrical goods, cars • medical diagnosis – diagnose blood infections, identify tumours • facial recognition • careers advice • credit scoring – identifying whether or not an individual should be granted credit • financial planning – what if we …..?”