Download MaRIE:

LA-UR-09-06659 rev.
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC,
for the U.S. Department of Energy
MaRIE:
(Matter-Radiation Interactions in Extremes)
The Matter-Radiation Interactions in
Extremes (MaRIE) Concept for
Transformational Materials
Performance in Extreme
Environments
Cris W. Barnes
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
MaRIE: Materials R&D Capability for 21st Century National Security
and Energy Security
MaRIE addresses
materials challenges
across missions
MaRIE will transform the science of
microstructure, interfaces, and defects
MaRIE enables
the transition from
“observation” to
“control”
MaRIE provides tools for transformational
materials performance in extremes
Next-generation
solar cell
architecture
Radiation-induced
swelling
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
Fundamental
limit
Work FFF
The transition from “observation & validation” to “prediction &
control” is a central mission challenge AND the frontier of materials
research
http://www.sc.doe.gov/bes/reports/list.html
By engaging thousands of scientists around the world in a series of workshops,
BES has defined 5 key grand challenges for materials research
 Control the quantum behavior of electrons in materials
 Synthesize, atom by atom, new forms of matter with tailored properties
 Control emergent properties that arise from the complex correlations of atomic and
electronic constituents
 Synthesize man-made nanoscale objects with capabilities rivaling those of living
things
 Control matter very far away from equilibrium
“The intersection of control science with high-functioning materials creates a
tipping point for sustainable energy”
MaRIE provides to the user community the needed “beyond nano” tools
for discovering and controlling complex materials
Slide 3
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
The transition from “observation & validation” to “prediction &
control” is a central mission challenge AND the frontier of materials
research
Nuclear weapons program challenges
•  Product-based
certification is the future
•  Dynamic
material properties are critical
to understanding weapons
•  Material
LANL
properties at the micron scale
are key to understanding the uncertainties
in our current knobs
•  9 of top 11 NM RRW technical risks
materials-related
LLNL
•  Phase,
density, temperature, and fracture
all benefit from measurements at the
crystal to grain scale.
Experimental capabilities to validate multi-scale
models, especially on the meso-scale, are needed
The same challenge of productbased certification is vital to future
advanced nuclear energy systems!
MaRIE will be the first capability with unique co-located tools necessary to
realize transformational advances in materials performance in extremes
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
Real materials are poly-crystalline, with interfaces and defects –
that increase in extreme environments (pressure, radiation, …)
Mesoscale Materials Dynamics
Note that a shock wave
traverses a grain in a couple
nanoseconds
Energetic Materials
Radiation Damage
(He bubbles)
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
We need MaRIE to bridge the “micron gap”
of meso-scale materials dynamics
 
~ 1 µm scale (and time scale ~sound transit) represents
an experimental and theoretical frontier, where
discovery science and predictive validation meet
 
We will bridge the atomic scale/molecular dynamics
studies and continuum models/integrated tests.
• 
• 
Defect consequences and microstructure interactions that drive
materials strength and damage evolution
Translation of unit-scale emergent functionality to device
realization/interface phenomena
MaRIE will provide unique capabilities for unraveling
micron-scale interactions, bridging the regime
between imaging and scattering
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
Frontier Experiments define Functional Requirement Clusters
Frontier Experiments
Compression
Dynamics
Structural Materials in
Dynamic Extremes
Control of Complex Turbulent
Materials and
flows
Chemical Processes
Warm Dense
Matter
Drive Functional Requirements
Defect and Dislocation
Dynamics; Dynamic
performance of bulk
material
In-situ density,
volume,
macrostructure and
cracks
Ultrafast pumpMultiple
probe; swept
measurements
spectroscopy;
over longer times
nano-imaging
Intense ion
beams
Which Lead to Technical Alternatives
High-energy coherent x-ray
imaging; dynamic electron Proton radiography;
microscopy; variable strain- high-energy transient
x-ray diffraction
rate drive; multiple surface
diagnostics
Next generation Limits on duty
High-intensity
temporal control cycle; phase
ultra-fast laser
for x-rays; optical
contrast
system
ultra-fast lasers
imaging
Slide 7
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
Facility Definition Process
Science-driven functional requirements lead to integrated facility
needs that are fulfilled by MaRIE
User Driven
Science
Matter at Dynamic
Extremes
Compression science
Process-aware
performance
Turbulence/WDM
Rad Matter Interactions
for Fission & Fusion
Void nucleation/swelling
Microstructural evolution
Phase stability
Thermal transport
Corrosion
Radiation Matter
Interaction for Energy
Conversion
Rad-hard photovoltaics
High-density energy
storage
Control of complex
mat’ls & chemical props
Complex oxides
Metamaterials
Advanced armor
Materiel
Needs
Functional
Requirements
Performance
Gaps
Alternatives
Analyses
Extreme Environments
Extreme p, T, strain rate
High-Φ fast n irradiation
Special nuclear & hazardous
materials
Electronic state excitation in
E, B extremes
In-situ subgranular
measurements of multi-grain
materials in extreme
environments
Microstructure
50-100 keV coherent,
brilliant x-ray source
Dynamic charged
particle imaging
Intense ion source for
isochoric heating of
solid matter to 10-100 eV
Crystallography, composition,
phase, defect density
Imaging
Syntheses capability
Phys & Chem properties
Directed Synthesis with In
Situ Characterization
Ability to predict new mat’ls
Defect/interface control
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
Facility
Concept
1015cm-2s-1 fast n source
w/ relevant spectrum,
transmutation, He & H
production
Extremely short optical
photon pulses for
pumping & probing
Density, ejecta, particles, strain,
cracks, corrosion layers, &
interface control
Preferred
Alternative
& Roadmap
Single crystal growth
Metastable phases
Flexible fabrication &
processing
10-nm control of 2D &
3D structures
U N C L A S S I F I E D
MaRIE builds upon
existing $B investments
at LANSCE with the
addition of the:
•  XFEL
•  Multiprobe
Diagnostic Hall
(MPDH)
•  Fission-Fusion
Materials Facility
(FFMF)
•  Making, Measuring,
& Modeling Material
(M4) Facility
8-12 keV XFELs are the transformative tools of right now!
European XFEL @ DESY
has broken ground (first
light ~2015)
LCLS @ SLAC lased on first
try (4/10/09), exceeded
expectations!
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
A high-energy-photon (50-115 keV) X-ray Free Electron Laser
allows multigranular sample penetration and multipulse
dynamics without significant sample perturbation
Meanwhile, proton and/or electron microscopy can
provide absolute density and velocities through the
sample volume.
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
Probe access into extreme environments can require very low
divergence and high brightness
11
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
Science covered in Dynamic Extremes at MaRIE
e-beam
  Meso-scale
Material Dynamics
optical laser
XFEL
o  Response of multi-granular material to dynamic deformation
o  Micron-scale insights towards predicting high explosives
o  Includes key earth science materials
  Multi-scale
pRad
optical laser
Fluid Dynamics
XFEL
o  Measure 3D multi-scale mean flow and turbulence
o  Variable material turbulent flows for diverse applications
o  Ability to measure all relevant scales for validation
Turbulent
spray
optical laser
  Emergent
XFEL
Phenomena in Complex Materials
o  Ultrafast (10–100 fs) measurements in Extreme Environments
Magnetic field
  Extreme
Field Interactions with Matter
o  Light intensities >1024W/cm2
o  10–200 MeV gamma-ray nuclear physics
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D
optical laser
e-beam
MaRIE provides the first comprehensive set of co-located tools
to realize transformational advances in materials performance
in extremes
First x-ray scattering capability at high
energy and high repetition frequency
with simultaneous charged particle
dynamic imaging
(Multi-Probe Diagnostic Hall)
Unique in-situ diagnostics and
irradiation environments beyond best
planned facilities
(Fission and Fusion Materials Facility)
Comprehensive, integrated resource
for materials synthesis and control,
with national security infrastructure
(Making, Measuring & Modeling Materials Facility)
“Physicists perform elegant experiments
on crummy samples while materials
scientists perform crummy experiments
on elegant samples”
MaRIE will provide unprecedented international user resources
Slide 13
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
U N C L A S S I F I E D