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Czech participation in HEP experiments (except ATLAS) CERN CERN CERN CERN Marek Taševský Institute of Physics, Academy of sciences RECFA visit to Czech republic Prague 27/03/2015 Universities and institutes in HEP experiments except ATLAS Plzeň: Liberec: UWB = University of West Bohemia TU = Technical University ~ 70 Postdocs ~ 35 students (may overlap across experiments) Supported by POLAND GERMANY LIBEREC Olomouc: PRAHA Palacký University PLZEŇ OLOMOUC Dominantly: Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport Partly: Grant Agency of CR BRNO SLOVAKIA AUSTRIA Praha: Brno: CU = Charles University CTU = Czech Technical University IP ASCR = Institute of Physics, Academy of sciences of Czech rep. INP ASCR = Institute of Nuclear Physics in Řež, Academy of sciences of Czech rep. ISI ASCR = Institute of Scientific Instruments, Academy of sciences of Czech rep. 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 2 H1 experiment CU Prague IP ASCR R&D: 1) almost all read-out electrodes for EM and HAD Calorimeters (~9000) produced and tested in Czech rep. OF2H IF2H FB2H FB1H FB2E FB1E CB3H CB2H CB1H OF1H BBE IF1E D: 2) Testing of scintil. fibers and help in production of EM SpaCal (Spaghetti Calorimeter) D: 3) Electronics for Backward Silicon Tracker & Forward Silicon Tracker [repeater boards, supply boards, amplifier boards] 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 3 H1 Experiment Principal authorship in H1 publications: 2010-2015: 6 papers Total : 10 papers Proton structure Diffraction - Hard component in LRG Photoproduction (1994) Thrust jet analysis in DIS in LRG (1997) Dijets in diffr. Photoproduction with LRG (2010) Diffractive FLD (2012) Dijets in DIS events with FPS (2012) Dijets in diffr. DIS, LRG (2014) Dijets in diffr. DIS & Photopr. using VFPS (2015) Diffractive D* (2015?) Proud of having contributed to this fantastic endeavor! T. Laštovička convenor of ELAN WG Diffractive longitudinal Structure function Factorization breaking : diffractive dijets in photoproduction R. Polifka convenor of Diffractive WG Virtual photons Dijets at low Q2 A. Valkárová – Executive Board 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 4 DØ Experiment Principal authorship in DØ publications: 2010-2015: 7 papers Total : 9 papers (in many other contributed significantly) Czech group a part of the Jet energy scale WG for many years. A. Kupčo convenor of JES WG CU Prague CTU Prague IP ASCR “Jet energy scale determination in the DØ experiment”, NIMA Jet physics - “Inclusive jets from RunII” - “Dijet azimuthal decorrelations” - “3-jet mass cross sections” Total syst. unc. beats the total CTEQ6.5M PDF unc.!! 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 5 DØ Experiment Top quark production Around 2000: DØ strong demands on computing capacities → the computer center in Institute of Physics in Prague has been created. Since then it became a powerful and reliable Tier-2 grid center. 27/03/2015 “Measurement of mt in all-jet events” “Meas. of ttbar x-section in high-mult jet events” “Pt dependence of ttbar cross sections” “Precision measurement of mt in l+j channel” “Polarization of top quark in l+j channel” Czech foot-print also on the Tevatron Top Combinations Boulevard Talk by J.Chudoba M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 6 Belle & Belle II Experiment CU Prague Joined in 2008 Main features and aims: e+e- accel. KEKB in Tsukuba, E=8.0/3.5 GeV to precisely measure differences between particles and antiparticles in the B system, hence the CP violation 2000-2010: Belle experiment recorded the largest existing B-meson sample (1/ab) Contribution and visibility of the Czech group significant. Participates in : 1) Physics analysis of Belle data 2) Development and Design of the vertex detector VXD 3) Physics program for Belle II 4) Software development (detector simulation, Test beam data analysis) 27/03/2015 Belle and BaBar helped in confirming Kobayashi-Maskawa model (discovery of CP invariance in B0 and D systems and measured CKM parameters with 10% uncert) Upgrade of SuperKEKB to produce Y(4S) resonance and to provide lumi of 50/ab. Upgrade of Belle → Belle II will help to - provide more stringent tests of SM - test various BSM theories - explain matter/anti-matter asymmetry Z. Doležal – chair of Belle II Institutional Board M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 7 Belle II Experiment Vertex detector VXD Marlin/Mokka simulations of the layout DEPFET pixels development and testing (laser, minimatrices) gated mode essential for Belle II tested here for the 1st time (reduces noise induced during injection) Beam tests: simulation, analysis Software development Single particle observation in DEPFET Imp.par. z0 Belle: 20mm Computing Belle II: <10mm Time-dependent Angular CP-violation Analysis of B→ D* ρ Decay Silicon detector Digitization Background simulation and mixing Alignment Tested at the DESY beam test CESNET GRID farm used for MC production O(10%) Job management SW development (code refactoring) Analyses of 2010 data CZ - Measure sin(2β + γ) - Scalar → vector vector 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 8 COMPASS Experiment COMPASS = Common Muon and Proton Apparatus for Structure and Spectroscopy CU Prague CTU Prague ISI ASCR Brno TU Liberec 27/03/2015 Most important features: 1. Muon or hadron secondary beams 2. Solid state NH3 , 6LiD target 3. Powerful tracking system – 350 planes 4. PiD – Muon Walls, Calorimeters, RICH M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 9 COMPASS Experiment: Polarized target Superconducting solenoid: 2.5 T 16 trim coils Field homogeneity: 10-4 Dipole field: 0.5 T Temperature: ~ 50 mK (frozen) Materials: NH3, 6LiD Dilution factor: ~ 0.4 Performance: Polarization: > 50%, > 90% Field reversal: 8h, 24h 2014: Low-temperature polarized target for a first ever pion-induced Drell-Yan experiment with polarized target Two 60 cm oppositely polarized cells Beam PID using CEDAR (Cerenkov Differential counter with Achromatic Ring focus): h+ beam: p (75%), pi+(24%) h- beam: pi-(97%), K-(2.5%), p-(1%) 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit Possibility to study the beam and target dependence of the Drell-Yan production 10 COMPASS Experiment: RICH detector Photon detectors (PD) : MWPCs with CsI photocathodes (5.3 m2), photon detectors: CsI MWPC Angular acceptance: ± 250 mrad horizontal ± 200 mrad vertical mirror wall radiator: C4F10 VUV mirror wall, 21 m2, 116 unique mirrors 5m 84,000 analog read-out channels vessel Design and realization: multichannel PMs (with Hamamatsu) [RD17] PMs sensitive to UV Optical focusing system for CR transfer to PM Photon feedback system Identification of π, K and protons Cherenkov thresholds: π / K / p ≈ 3 / 9 / 17 GeV 2σ π/K separation at 43 GeV GEM principle Need for new technology (fight with ion bombardment and photon feedback): testing the new ThGEM and hybrid ThGEM+Micromegas (to replace CsI MWPC) 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit ECONOMIC & ROBUST Manufactured by standard PCB techniques of precise drilling 11 and Cu etching. COMPASS Experiment: DAQ 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 12 CMS Experiment ECAL Czech group significantly contributed in R&D, tests, final choice of PbW04 crystals and development of fabrication technology. Example of R&D: calibration and performance tests of Very-Front-End electronics Helped in realization, preparation and currently in operating ECAL. Among founding institutes: CU Prague CTU Prague ICM Prague INP Rez ISI ASCR Brno 27/03/2015 Currently (CU Prague) - Operating the detector - Upgrade of HCAL - DAQ and Data management M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 13 TOTEM Experiment TOTEM = Total cross section, Elastic scattering and diffraction Dissociation Measurement CU Prague IP ASCR UWB Pilsen Differential distribution for elastics: dip and bump structure confirmed Impressive eta-coverage of the multiplicity measurements 27/03/2015 Total pp cross section: several methods. Leader in the field. M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 14 TOTEM Experiment: RP production Upgraded Roman Pot Spectrometer (scheduled for Run II) Existing RP220 (vertical + horizontal RPs) CT-PPS [CMS-Totem Precision Proton Spectrometer] MoU signed by CMS and Totem in 2013 RP147 relocated to 203-214m (vertical + horizontal RPs) Add: 1) Precision proton tracking (3D-Si) Add: 2) Fast timing (Cerenkov) to reduce pile-up background Concentrate on Central Exclusive Production [jets, W,Z, resonances] TDR: CERN-LHCC-2014-021 Vakuum Praha produced RPs also for ALFA (ATLAS subdetector) and may do so for AFP (ATLAS forward proton upgrade). 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit BIG expertise. 15 TOTEM Experiment: Czech contribution Responsibilities and key contributions: 1) Alignment method : J. Kašpar 2) Designs of L1 triggers 3) Data analysis: IP ASCR, Prague 4) Theory and phenomenology: IP ASCR, Prague 5) Cooling system: CTU Prague, V. Vacek 6) Roman Pots produced in Prague Acknowledged contribution to phenomenology of elastic scattering (IP ASCR, Prague): dσ/dt at very small |t| does not behave as exp{Bt} with constant B → standard West-Yennie interference formula cannot be used for separation of Coulomb and Nuclear amplitudes → analysis performed with Kundrát - Lokajíček complete amplitude formula. 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 16 MoEDAL Experiment MoEDAL = Monopole and Exotics Detector at the LHC 7th and smallest experiment at LHC Detection of magnetic monopoles, dyons, Q-balls and other highly ionizing (pseudo-)stable massive particles Located in the LHCb cavern (around VELO subdet.) Passive Nuclear track-etch det. + Trapping det. + TimePix (TPX) det. CTU Prague Czech group fully responsible for the TPX detector system: - Used for monitoring the radiation and background from neutrons and energetic fragments - Installed on the walls of the VELO cavern of the LHCb detector 1. R&D + production + installation + operation 2. Development of DAQ and sim+reco+analysis software 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit Background tracks around VELO vertex 17 NA62 Experiment NA62 = measurements of Kaon and pion rare decays CU Prague Extracting 74 GeV K+ beams from 400 GeV p-beams Main goal: measure measure CKM coeff. Vtd with uncertainty < 10% Other program: Lepton flavor violation, C-parity viol. Dark photons, Axions, Chiral pert. Theory Principles: High intensity, Fast timing, Low-mass tracking, Hermetic veto for photons and muons, Particle ID 92% of K-decays kinematically constrained Czech group contributes in areas of: 1. Calibration of LKr calorimeter 2. Data reconstruction and analysis 3. Theory interpretations 27/03/2015 Main interests: o Extremely rare decays: K+-> pi+nunu o Forbiddens and Exotics in the pi0 decays (synergy between theory and experimental groups) [theory studies about pi0->e+e-] M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 18 OSQAR Experiment OSQAR = Optical Search for QED vacuum magnetic Birefringence, Axions and photon Regeneration Powerful laser (P=18W) + 2 LHC dipoles (B=9T) + precise optomechanics Physics case: Shining through the wall 1) Search for axions via photon regeneration 2) Vacuum magnetic birefringence (for the first time) [refr.index n-1~ 10^-22 in B=9.5T] 3) Search for chameleons via photon regeneration Doing particle physics in laboratory (sub-eV energies) [at CERN] Axion = solution to strong CP problem & Non-SUSY Dark Matter candidate Opti cal barrier Polarizer Laser A g g x Source of scalar or pseudo-scalar particles B=9T x CCD Detector Afterglow of the light PhotonAxion coupling Detection: counting laser beam Photon regeneration region Czech group fully responsible for the optical system: 1) R&D and testing of all advanced opto-mechanical techniques performed in CR Axion mass (recently development of Fabry-Perots resonance cavities to enhance the photon yields by 10^3) [n-1 ~ 10^-14 at the moment] 2) Operating all three subexperiments at CERN + Data analysis 27/03/2015 TU Liberec CTU Prague CU Prague M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 19 AEGIS Experiment AEGIS = Antihydrogen Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy CTU Prague Weak Equivalence Principle (universality of free fall) tested with very high precision on matter, never on antimatter. Principal goal = test WEP on antihydrogen atoms (tests with charged antiparticles hopeless), i.e. the direct measurement of the Earth’s gravitational acceleration on antihydrogen. Antiprotons from Antiproton Decelerator + pulse of laser-excited positronium atoms → pulse of horizontally travelling antihydrogen atoms → pass through a moire deflectometer → measure a tiny vertical drop induced by gravity (gratings split the beam; annihilation with matter: Si strips measure ToF, photographic emulsions measure annihilation points) Czech group: - simulation program for modelling the dynamics of antihydrogen in generally oriented electric and magnetic fields and response to the passage through detector 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 20 DIRAC Experiment DIRAC = DImeson Relativistic Atom Complex CTU Prague IP Prague Detection aparatus: two-arm magnetic spectrometer Task: 1) precision determination of 2-particle relative momentum (better than 0.5 MeV for particles with ~GeV momenta) 2) PID: π-/π+, K+/K-, p. Bg: e+/e-,µ+/µ- Running 2000 – 2012 Physics goals: 1) measure the [π-π+] atom lifetime of about 3 fs (ground state) with 10% uncertainty Recent published (2011) 2) first observe [π−K+] & [π+K−] atoms [data 2001-2003]: 3) then measure the [πK] atom lifetimes –15 τ = 3.15 × 10 s, 9% unc. Czech group contributions: 1. Hardware: responsibility for Horizontal hodoscopes production of mirrors for Heavy Gas Cerenkov detector (Czech company IMMA – see COMPASS mirrors) 2. Data control: estimate of various efficiencies, detector performances and calibrations 3. Data analysis: corrections due to finite size of production region, yields of p, p-, K, K+K- correlation function 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 21 Future Circular Collider at CERN Forming an international collaboration to study: pp-collider (FCC-hh) defining infrastructure requirements ~16 T 100 TeV pp in 100 km ~20 T 100 TeV pp in 80 km e+e- collider (FCC-ee) as potential intermediate step Czech HEP community considers CERN as its future. Institutes follow closely the development and are willing to sign MoU soon. p-e (FCC-he) option 80-100 km infrastructure in Geneva area In line with European Strategy for Particle Physics 2013 At the moment one fellow to work on detector design (start June 2015) 1) Kick-off meeting : University Geneva, 12-15.2.2014 2) Preparatory International Collaboration Board meeting : CERN, 9-10.9.2014 3) First Annual FCC meeting : Washington, 23-27.3.2015 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 22 Summary Czech HEP community visible in number of experiments Large diversity of physics programs Around the globe (Europe, USA, Japan) Long tradition of the Czech presence in HEP experiments (BIS, LUDMILA, RISK, BCDMS, UA4/2, NA57, WA94, WA97, H1, DELPHI, OPAL, D0, …) H1 and D0 finished but still a few PhD theses being completed these days A massive orientation to CERN: CMS, TOTEM, COMPASS, MOEDAL, NA62, OSQAR, AEGIS, DIRAC In each of these experiments, the Czech contribution is significant and recognized Often multi-task commitment and responsibility within one experiment Hardware – Software - Analysis Several positions in managements Czech HEP community feels and sees the future in CERN. Therefore it supports FCC and closely watches the development. Czech institutes are about to sign MoU soon. The community hopes for a continuous and adequate support (as it has been so far). 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 23 Special thanks For help in providing information: Alice Valkárová Alexander Kupčo Karel Soustružník Miroslav Finger Vojtěch Kundrát Petr Beneš Karol Kampf Miroslav Šulc Jan Smolík 27/03/2015 M. Tasevsky, RECFA visit 24