Download MINERALS

What is this?
This
is this…
What is this?
This
is this…
This
is this.
These
are these.
These are Minerals.
What are Minerals?
• Cornell Notes Page 139
What are atoms?
• ATOMS =
BUILDING
BLOCKS of
everything in the
Universe.
What is an
element?
• A substance that
cannot be broken
down into simpler
things.
• Examples: Gold,
silver, aluminum
What is a
compound?
• A substance
made of more
than one element
• Examples:
Water, table salt
MINERALS
• 3,000 +
different kinds of
minerals
• Most are made
of combinations
of elements
(compounds)
5 Characteristics
of Minerals
• 1. Naturally
occurring
• 2. Inorganic
=not from a
living thing
45 seconds to Discuss…
• What does it mean to be “naturally occurring?”
• What does it mean to be “inorganic?”
• 3. Solid
• 4. Crystal
Structure –
particles line
up in a
pattern
Pyrite in rock
45 seconds to Discuss…
• What does it mean to be “solid?”
• What does it mean to have a “crystal structure?”
Examples of solid, crystal
structure
• Rhodochrosite
A mineral…
• 5. Definite
Chemical
Composition
Ex.) Water = H2O
Salt = NaCl
An example of: definite
chemical composition
Calcite—
has the
chemical
name-CaCO3
Ca=Calcium (as in
your bones)
C=Carbon (in all
living things)
O= Oxygen (in the
air)
• http://education.jlab.org/indexpages/teachers.php
http://teach.fcps.net/trt20/projects/EKU/Minerals/groups/mineral_groups.htm
60 seconds to Discuss…
• What do we mean by “chemical
composition?”
• So then what does it mean to have a
“definite chemical composition?”
What are the two
groups of Minerals?
• Silicate Minerals
Quartz = SiO2
– chemical
composition with a
combination of
Silicon and Oxygen
• Nonsilicate Minerals
– Do NOT contain a
combination of silicon
and oxygen.
 Fluorite = CaF2
45 seconds to Discuss…
• How are Silicate Minerals and Nonsilicate
Minerals different?
How do
Minerals form?
• In Magma and Lava
– Minerals crystallize
in the liquid rock.
– Different Minerals
begin forming crystals
at different
temperatures- this
causes them to
separate out into pure
samples.
How do
Minerals form?
• In Magma and Lava
– If magma cools
quickly, crystals don’t
have time to grow.
– The slower the
magma cools, the
bigger the crystal can
grow!
• In Water
– Elements and
compounds dissolved
in water crystallize as
the water evaporates
What’s in these
minerals/rocks that look so
delicious?
Oxygen
Silicon
Aluminum
Magnesium
Iron
Sodium
Calcium
Potassium
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/education/page2659.html
The result of eating rocks and minerals…
What is from
minerals in the
room?
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What is NOT
from minerals
in the room?
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