Download residual .vs. transported soils(cont)

SOME ROCK UNDERGOES CHANGE CAUSED BY
HEAT, PRESSURE, PLASTIC FLOW
IGNEOUS ROCK:
The original rock type for the planet
(results from cooling of molten rock
(magma, lava)
SOME ROCK BREAKDOWN, DETERIORATES,DECOMPOSES
TO BECOME SOIL
1
METAMORPHIC ROCK
RESULTS FROM IGNEOUS OR SEDIMENTARY
ROCK UNDERGOING CHANGE, GENERALLY TO A
HARDER, STRONGER STATE
SOME ROCK BREAKDOWN,
DETERIORATES,DECOMPOSES TO BECOME SOIL
2
RESIDUAL DEPOSITS: REMAINS IN PLACE AT
LOCATION FORMED
SOIL DEPOSITS
DEPOSITS FROM TRANSPORTED SOILS:
Soil materials transported, then
deposited to create new soil formation
3
4
SOME ROCK UNDERGOES CHANGE CAUSED
BY HEAT, PRESSURE, PLASTIC FLOW
METAMORPHIC ROCK
RESULTS FROM IGNEOUS OR SEDIMENTARY ROCK
UNDERGOING CHANGE, GENERALLY TO A HARDER,
STRONGER STATE
5
6
7
RESIDUAL .VS. TRANSPORTED SOILS(CONT)
BEACH SANDS ARE FORMED BY OCEAN
CURRENTS AND TIDES
GREAT CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
NOTE: EARTHQUAKES, PLATE
MOVEMENTS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL
LANDFILLS ARE NOT COVERED IN THIS
COURSE. HOWEVER, THEY ARE
RELEVANT RELATED TOPICS
8
IGNEOUS ROCK:
The original rock type for the planet
(results from cooling of molten rock
(magma, lava)
SOME ROCK UNDERGOES CHANGE
CAUSED BY HEAT, PRESSURE, PLASTIC
FLOW
9
COURSE OVERVIEW
SOILS
(1ST HALF OF COURSE)
GEOLOGY-ORIGIN OF SOILS
PROPERTIES OF SOILS
•ITS PARAMETER
•ITS BEHAVIOR
•OTHER ASPECTS
EARTHWORKS
(2ND HALF OF COURSE)
CONSTRUCTION APPLICATION OF SOILS • ENVIRONMENTAL
• GEOTECHNICAL
10
INTRODUCTION OF GEOLOGY
STUDY OF OUTER ZONE OF EARTH
IT CONSIST OF
•ROCKS
•SOIL
•WATER
DEFINITIONS
Rocks -minerals bonded by strong attractive forces
Soils - are a particulate material due to the disintegration of Rock
•ROCKS
- IGNEOUS
- SEDIMENTARY
- METAMORPHIC
11
INTRODUCTION OF GEOLOGY (CONT.)
DEFINITIONS:
IGNEOUS- COOLING AND HARDENING
OF MOLTEN ROCK CALLED MAGMA
(I.E. GRANITES, BASALTS, RITYOLITES)
ROCKS THAT ARE ACIDIC (NOT BASIC)
I.E. GRANITES ARE GOOD FOR
CONSTRUCTION
SEDIMENTARY -ACCUMULATED
DEPOSITS OF SOIL PARTICLES OR
REMAINS OF CERTAIN ORGANISMS
THAT HAVE HARDENED UNDER
PRESSURE (I.E-LIMESTONE, SHALE,
SANDSTONE,ETC)
12
CAN BE RECOGNIZED BY THE LAYERED
INTRODUCTION OF GEOLOGY (CONT.)
METAMORPHIC-EXISTING ROCK CHANGES
UNDER HEAT, PRESSURE, AND
PLASTIC FLOW
I.E. LIMESTONE TO MARBLE,
SHALE TO SCHIST
IT BECOMES A FOLIATED ROCK(LAYERS)
WEATHERING FOR EXAMPLE CHANGES
A SCHIST TO A SILT-SAND MIXTURE
WITH MICA
NOTE: THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
IS CONCERNED WITH STRENGTH, THE
DRILLING, BLASTING, EXCAVATION, AND
USE IN CONCRETE, ETC,
13
RESIDUAL .VS. TRANSPORTED SOILS
•RESIDUAL SOILS (DUE TO WEATHERING)
REMAIN IN THEIR PLACE OF ORIGIN
I.E. ORGANIC SOILS -COAL OR PEAT
*I.E. BORING LOGS REVEAL THE HISTORY
OF SOIL FORMATIONS
(SAMPLE SOIL FORMATION)
EXAMPLE #1
TOPSOIL(ORGANICS)---GROUND SURFACE
LOAM(SANDY CLAY)
SANDS-ALTERED MINERALOGICAL
COMPOSITION (I.E. M/F SAND, C/M SAND
ARE HIGHLY WEATHERED)
DECOMPOSED ROCK
ROCK
EXAMPLE #2
14
RESIDUAL .VS. TRANSPORTED SOILS(CONT)
TRANSPORTED SOILS(GRAVITY AND WTND)
DEFINITION: AEOLIAN DEPOSITS ARE
WIND TRANSPORTED SOILS
I.E. LOESS -IS A WIND-BLOWN SILT THAT
HAS CEMENTED. IT IS ABLE TO WITHSTAND
A SHARP NATURAL SLOPE (PG.11 TEXT)
(I.E. MISS_ RIVER)
GLACIAL MATERIAL
REFER TO PG.14,FIGURE 1-6
NOTE: IT IS DIFFICULT TO BORE
THROUGH GLACIAL TILL AND OVERBURDEN
MATERIAL
RIVER DEPOSITS - RIVER DEPOSITED SOILS
15
RESIDUAL .VS. TRANSPORTED SOILS(CONT)
BEACH SANDS ARE FORMED BY OCEAN
CURRENTS AND TIDES
GREAT CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
NOTE: EARTHQUAKES, PLATE
MOVEMENTS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL
LANDFILLS ARE NOT COVERED IN THIS
COURSE. HOWEVER, THEY ARE
RELEVANT RELATED TOPICS
16
IGNEOUS ROCK:
The original rock type for the planet
(results from cooling of molten rock
(magma, lava)
SOME ROCK UNDERGOES CHANGE
CAUSED BY HEAT, PRESSURE, PLASTIC
FLOW
17
COURSE OVERVIEW
SOILS
(1ST HALF OF COURSE)
GEOLOGY-ORIGIN OF SOILS
PROPERTIES OF SOILS
•ITS PARAMETER
•ITS BEHAVIOR
•OTHER ASPECTS
EARTHWORKS
(2ND HALF OF COURSE)
CONSTRUCTION APPLICATION OF SOILS • ENVIRONMENTAL
• GEOTECHNICAL
18
INTRODUCTION OF GEOLOGY
STUDY OF OUTER ZONE OF EARTH
IT CONSIST OF
•ROCKS
•SOIL
•WATER
DEFINITIONS
Rocks -minerals bonded by strong attractive forces
Soils - are a particulate material due to the disintegration of Rock
•ROCKS
- IGNEOUS
- SEDIMENTARY
- METAMORPHIC
19
INTRODUCTION OF GEOLOGY (CONT.)
DEFINITIONS:
IGNEOUS- COOLING AND HARDENING
OF MOLTEN ROCK CALLED MAGMA
(I.E. GRANITES, BASALTS, RITYOLITES)
ROCKS THAT ARE ACIDIC (NOT BASIC)
I.E. GRANITES ARE GOOD FOR
CONSTRUCTION
SEDIMENTARY -ACCUMULATED
DEPOSITS OF SOIL PARTICLES OR
REMAINS OF CERTAIN ORGANISMS
THAT HAVE HARDENED UNDER
PRESSURE (I.E-LIMESTONE, SHALE,
SANDSTONE,ETC)
20
CAN BE RECOGNIZED BY THE LAYERED
INTRODUCTION OF GEOLOGY (CONT.)
METAMORPHIC-EXISTING ROCK CHANGES
UNDER HEAT, PRESSURE, AND
PLASTIC FLOW
I.E. LIMESTONE TO MARBLE,
SHALE TO SCHIST
IT BECOMES A FOLIATED ROCK(LAYERS)
WEATHERING FOR EXAMPLE CHANGES
A SCHIST TO A SILT-SAND MIXTURE
WITH MICA
NOTE: THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
IS CONCERNED WITH STRENGTH, THE
DRILLING, BLASTING, EXCAVATION, AND
USE IN CONCRETE, ETC,
21
RESIDUAL .VS. TRANSPORTED SOILS
•RESIDUAL SOILS (DUE TO WEATHERING)
REMAIN IN THEIR PLACE OF ORIGIN
I.E. ORGANIC SOILS -COAL OR PEAT
*I.E. BORING LOGS REVEAL THE HISTORY
OF SOIL FORMATIONS
(SAMPLE SOIL FORMATION)
EXAMPLE #1
TOPSOIL(ORGANICS)---GROUND SURFACE
LOAM(SANDY CLAY)
SANDS-ALTERED MINERALOGICAL
COMPOSITION (I.E. M/F SAND, C/M SAND
ARE HIGHLY WEATHERED)
DECOMPOSED ROCK
ROCK
EXAMPLE #2
22
RESIDUAL .VS. TRANSPORTED SOILS(CONT)
TRANSPORTED SOILS(GRAVITY AND WTND)
DEFINITION: AEOLIAN DEPOSITS ARE
WIND TRANSPORTED SOILS
I.E. LOESS -IS A WIND-BLOWN SILT THAT
HAS CEMENTED. IT IS ABLE TO WITHSTAND
A SHARP NATURAL SLOPE (PG.11 TEXT)
(I.E. MISS_ RIVER)
GLACIAL MATERIAL
REFER TO PG.14,FIGURE 1-6
NOTE: IT IS DIFFICULT TO BORE
THROUGH GLACIAL TILL AND OVERBURDEN
MATERIAL
RIVER DEPOSITS - RIVER DEPOSITED SOILS
23
RESIDUAL .VS. TRANSPORTED SOILS(CONT)
BEACH SANDS ARE FORMED BY OCEAN
CURRENTS AND TIDES
GREAT CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
NOTE: EARTHQUAKES, PLATE
MOVEMENTS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL
LANDFILLS ARE NOT COVERED IN THIS
COURSE. HOWEVER, THEY ARE
RELEVANT RELATED TOPICS
24
IGNEOUS ROCK:
The original rock type for the planet
(results from cooling of molten rock
(magma, lava)
SOME ROCK UNDERGOES CHANGE
CAUSED BY HEAT, PRESSURE, PLASTIC
FLOW
25