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Transcript
Standpipe Synchronous Condenser and South-Central Wyoming Voltage Coordination Presentation to WECC TSS May 8, 2015 – PacifiCorp customers in South-Central Wyoming system have been exposed to unacceptable voltage performance on a number of occasions. – To remedy this issue, PacifiCorp is implementing several system improvements, including a new 65 MVA synchronous condenser at Standpipe substation, relocation of an existing 31.7 MVAr shunt reactor to Standpipe, installation of a new 25 MVAr shunt capacitor at Latham substation, implementation of droop control at area wind farms, and implementation of coordinated shunt device control at numerous substations. © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 2 Introduction Wyoming 230 kV System < 230 kV Existing 230 kV Existing Pumpkin Buttes 345 kV Existing 230 kV Proposed Badwater Midwest Antelope Mine TOT4A Riverton Wyopo Casper Atlantic City DJ Spence Difficulty Bairoil Mustang TOT4A Shirley Basin Freezeout Miners Bridger Rock Springs Point of Rocks Platte Latham Aeolus (Future) Standpipe Foote Creek © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 3 White Horse (future) Firehole Windstar Latigo South Central Wyoming Wind < 230 kV Existing 230 kV Existing Pumpkin Buttes 345 kV Existing 230 kV Proposed Badwater Midwest Antelope Mine TOT4A Riverton Wyopo Casper Atlantic City DJ Spence Difficulty Bairoil Mustang TOT4A Shirley Basin Freezeout Miners Bridger Rock Springs Platte Latham Point of Rocks Foote Creek 135 MW Dunlap 111 MW Aeolus (Future) Standpipe Foote Creek Seven Mile 118.5 MW High Plains 127.5 MW © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 4 White Horse (future) Firehole Windstar Latigo Dave Johnston Area Generation < 230 kV Existing 230 kV Existing Pumpkin Buttes 345 kV Existing 230 kV Proposed Badwater Midwest Antelope Mine TOT4A Riverton Wyopo Atlantic City DJ Spence Difficulty Bairoil Mustang TOT4A Shirley Basin Freezeout Miners Bridger Rock Springs Point of Rocks DJ 795.8 MW Platte Latham Aeolus (Future) Standpipe Foote Creek © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 5 White Horse (future) Firehole Windstar Latigo Casper Windstar Area Wind 537.5 MW – Wind generation interconnected on the DJ to Point of Rocks 230 kV line tends to flow west (away from DJ). – The Platte to Standpipe 230 kV line acts as a funnel for area generation, and sees the highest line flows in the region. – Flow above 475 MVA is possible under maximum wind conditions. – Flow on this line segment is directly correlated with wind generation output from Foote Creek, High Plains, Seven Mile, and Dunlap, and line flow can vary significantly with wind generation output. © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 6 Voltage Performance Voltage Performance (ctd.) © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 7 – As generation output in the area varies, line load fluctuates above and below the surge impedance load of the line, resulting in large, relatively slow voltage swings. Voltage Performance (ctd.) © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 8 – THE PERFECT STORM: – High voltages are seen in the area when the DJ to Difficulty line is open in conjunction with low wind conditions. – The DJ to Difficulty outage results in an approximately 200 mile-long, radial, lightly-loaded 230 kV line. – During low wind conditions, area wind farms have little or no regulating capability. – With the tie to DJ open, there is very little short-circuit MVA. Standpipe Project Installation of a new +65 / -40 MVAr synchronous condenser at Standpipe substation. Relocation of an existing 31.7 MVAr shunt reactor to Standpipe. Installation of a new 25 MVAr shunt capacitor at Latham substation Implementation of droop control at area wind farms Implementation of coordinated shunt device control at Latham, Platte, Miners, and Standpipe. Decommissioning of the Foote Creek DVAR and implementation of power factor control of the shunt caps at Foote Creek. © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 9 – To remedy voltage issues in the region, PacifiCorp is implementing several system improvements under the Standpipe project, including the following: – Several dynamic reactive device technologies were investigated for Standpipe, including Static VAr Compensators (SVC), Voltage-Sourced Converters (STATCOM), and Synchronous Condensers. – The synchronous condenser was selected based largely on technical criteria The Wyoming 230 kV system is heavily shunt compensated, and voltage instability was a concern with an SVC installation. System inertia relative to transfer levels (stiffness factor) in the region is very low. To date, STATCOM installations on the PacifiCorp system have not proven reliable, and difficulties were encountered procuring a STATCOM. The voltage swings in the region tend to be relatively slow, therefore speed of the device was not a significant factor. © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 10 Standpipe Synchronous Condenser Standpipe Synchronous Condenser – There are several advantages of a synchronous condenser for this application. The condenser is a rotating machine, and adds inertia to the system. Control of the device is relatively simple and is not impacted by system configuration or future system upgrades. Linear output characteristic. Very few power quality issues. • Voltage drop from starting was a concern; however a pony motor will be utilized to start the device. Coordination with local area wind farms can be managed with droop settings. – There are also disadvantages associated with a condenser Losses Maintenance requirements © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 11 – The Miners shunt capacitor and Standpipe shunt reactor will be utilized to expand the available dynamic capacity of the condenser. – The scheme will utilize the shunt devices to bias the synchronous condenser output to a value near the center of its dynamic capability (+15 MVAR). As the Standpipe synchronous condenser has a continuous output capability between -40 MVAR and +65 MVAR, the bias point at +15 MVAR will effectively provide +/-50 MVAR of available reactive capability to respond to system voltage fluctuations. © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 12 Standpipe Condenser Dynamic Expansion Standpipe Condenser Dynamic Expansion – The Miners and Standpipe shunt devices will be controlled by the condenser as follows: Standpipe Synchronous Condenser Output +60 MVAR +50 MVAR +45 MVAR Insert Miners Capacitor +40 MVAR Trip Standpipe Reactor +30 MVAR +20 MVAR 0 MVAR -10 MVAR Trip Miners Capacitor -20 MVAR -30 MVAR -15 MVAR Insert Standpipe Reactor © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 13 +10 MVAR Latham 1x25 MVAr Cap © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 14 Wyoming Shunt Device Coordination Platte 2x25 MVAr Cap 2x27 MVAr Cap © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 15 Wyoming Shunt Device Coordination Miners 1x27.6 MVAr Cap © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 16 Wyoming Shunt Device Coordination Standpipe 1x31.7 MVAr Reactor 65 MVA Condenser © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 17 Wyoming Shunt Device Coordination Foote Creek 6x5 MVAr Cap 3x6.67 MVAr Cap © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 18 Wyoming Shunt Device Coordination Wyoming Shunt Device Coordination © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 19 – Shunt devices at Latham and Platte will be controlled locally utilizing coordinated switching setpoints and time delays. – Shunt devices at Miners and Standpipe may be set to control local voltage utilizing coordinated switching setpoints and time delays; however their primary mode of operation will be the condenser dynamic expansion scheme. – Shunt devices at Foote Creek will be controlled to minimize VAr exchange to the 230 kV system, with 34.5 kV voltage supervision. Wyoming Shunt Device Coordination – Shunt devices will be controlled utilizing a dual-band control philosophy. Insert Reactor or Trip Capacitor with Fast Time Delay Setting Vhi-fast Insert Reactor or Trip Capacitor with Slow Time Delay Setting Vhi-slow Slow Control Deadband Fast Control Deadband Trip Reactor or Insert Capacitor with Slow Time Delay Setting Trip Reactor or Insert Capacitor with Fast Time Delay Setting Vlow-fast © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 20 Vlow-slow © 2011 PACIFICORP | PAGE 21 Questions – Questions?