Download Wind Power Plant Dynamic Reactive Power

Wind Power Plant Dynamic Reactive Power “Hybrid” Solutions
to meet ERCOT Reactive Power Capability Requirements
Presented at ERCOT ROS Meeting, December 10, 2009
vestas.com
The case for engineered wind project “hybrid” reactive power solutions using
integrated STATCOM and switched caps/reactors to meet the ERCOT Protocol
definition of “dynamic VAR capable devices”
• Presented by:
• American Superconductor - Narend Reddy
• S&C Electric – Ken Mattern
• Vestas Americas – Steven Saylors
PRR 830, Section 6.5.7.1 (1))
…”The Reactive Power requirements shall be available at all MW output levels
and may be met through a combination of the Generation Resource’s Unit
Reactive Limit (URL), which is the generating unit’s dynamic leading and
lagging operating capability, and/or dynamic VAR capable devices.”
2 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
Hybrid Reactive Power Dynamic Solutions
• The combination of Statcom
augmented by switched static
reactive elements of capacitors
and/or reactors
• Provides fast-response, robust
design that is dynamically capable
integrated solutions to meet
Voltage Support Services
requirements
• Uses Statcom “Overload”
capability to ensure VAR output is
smooth and linear with voltage
over reactive range needed
• Yields a Least-Cost design when
compared to Full-Sized Statcoms
or SVCs
3 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
• These solutions have proven as
acceptable over the last five years
on many previous wind projects to
various transmission entities
•
•
•
•
AESO
ISO-NE
MISO
BPA
How WPPs can do reactive power control for VSS
MAIN TRANSFORMER
PCC
UTILITY, OWNER, ...
POWER
PLANT
CONTROLLER
SCADA
MV COLLECTOR BUS
MSR
4 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
STATCOM
MSC
WTG
Example 1 - STATCOM System for
Power Factor Correction and LVRT
Power Transformer
60/90 MVA
with LTC
34.5 kV
115 kV
600V
PT
34.5 kV
collector
system
Utility
Interconnection
Point
System Rating for
Regulation
600V
+48 MVAR/-16 MVAR
48MVAr
16MVAr
STATCOM
STATCOM
600V
5 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
System Rating for LVRT
+84 MVAR/-48 MVAR
Example 2 – 160MW Wind Farm
Transmission Voltage
PT
CT
CT
CT
N.O.
33 kV
33 kV
Cap Banks
Control
Monitoring
STATCOM
STATCOM
Cap Banks
Control
Reactive Power Control System
6 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
Wind Farm Voltage Control
Dynamic and Steady State Regulation Control
Voltage (pu)
1.04
1.03
Buck Hard Limit = 1.025pu
1.02
Reference Voltage
= 1.00pu
Buck Droop = 2%
1.01
1.00
Boost Droop = 2%
Deadband
Control Setting Options
• Independent boost and buck droops
0.99
• Droop adjustable from 1% to 10%
0.98
• Adjustable reference or target voltages
Boost Hard Limit = 0.975pu
0.97
• Optional dead band and D-VAR output limits
• Can provide power factor control
0.96
3x
2x
1x
Boosting Output
7 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
1x
2x
Bucking Output
3x
AMSC STATCOM System Installations for Wind Farms
• Over 40 wind farms worldwide use AMSC D-VAR Systems (majority
includes static shunt switched devices to provide dynamic support)
• Control systems allow seamless integration and switching of static
shunt devices
• Static shunt devices also configured to address transient grid
conditions to complement short term overload capability of D-VAR
STATCOM.
8 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
“Hybrid” STATCOM and Static Shunt
Solutions Fully Accepted in:
• United Kingdom
•
+/-0.95 dynamic power factor (pf) at PCC with system response time of 1
second (See following chart)
• Alberta (AESO)
• -0.95/0.90 pf overall with -0.985/0.95 pf “dynamic”
• Ontario (IESO)
•
+0.35/-0.33pu with dynamic capability
• South Australia
•
+/-0.93pf with 50% dynamic (STATCOM)
9 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
United Kingdom – Power Factor Capability
MW Output
100%
Leading
(Inductive)
Lagging
(Capacitive)
Full leading
at 50% gen
50%
Full lagging
at 20% gen
38% of leading
at 20% gen
20%
15% of leading and
lagging at zero gen
MVAR
0.33x MW
10 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
0.33x MW
Alberta Electric System Operator
11 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
WPP MW, Inverter VArs and Net VArs at POI
100
WPP MW
MW, MVAR
80
60
40
Cap bank ON
WPP Net MVAr
20
INVERTER MVAr
0
Cap bank OFF
-20
0
1
2
3
4
5
Hours
12 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
6
7
8
9
10
11
DSTATCOM Windfarm Installations
±7.5 ±12
MVAr,
9 MVAR,
MVAC
MVAr,
1x13, 12
3x26
Ireland
New
Mexico
±6.25 MVAr, 5 x 7.5 MVAC
New Mexico
±6.25 MVAr, 1x8MVAR, 2x8MVAC
Scotland
±12 MVAr, 3x22 MVAC
Oregon
13 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
System Operation vs. Ideal Charateristic Curve
(19/September/2009-12:10:48 to 20/September/2009-12:10:38 UTC)
20.00
19.80
19.60
19.40
Characteristic operating line
for the DSTATCOM
(1.00 per unit, 4%)
kV
19.20
DSTATCOM operating states
(10 second samples)
19.00
18.80
18.60
18.40
18.20
-8
-6
-4
-2
MVAr
14 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
0
2
4
Inductor Turn Off - Test 2
1.100
14
12
10
8
1.050
4
Reactor
switch off time
90% point
0.33 seconds
2
1.000
0
-2
-4
-6
0.950
-8
Reaction Time
<0.01 seconds
-10
-12
0.900
21.5
22.0
22.5
23.0
Time - seconds
15 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
23.5
-14
24.0
MVAr
Votlage Setpoint
6
Voltage Setpoint
MVAr
Aikengall
Scottish
Windfarm
19.7
60
19.6
50
19.5
40
30
kVolts
19.4
Capacitor
Bank switched
on
19.3
20
Capacitor
Bank switched
off
19.2
10
19.1
0
DSTATCOM adjusts for
Cap bank operation
Time
16 | Presentation title, May 23, 2017
6/13/2009 04:48:00
6/13/2009 00:00:00
6/12/2009 19:12:00
6/12/2009 14:24:00
6/12/2009 09:36:00
6/12/2009 04:48:00
-10
6/12/2009 00:00:00
19
MW/MVAr
External impacts
on system voltage
Van (kV)
VdrFiltered (kV)
DSTAT MVAr
Windfarm Power (MW)
Windfarm VArs (MVAr)
ISSDs (MVAr)
Thank you for your attention
vestas.com
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