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Different Types of Rocks and the Rock Cycle Igneous Rocks • Formed from liquid magma or lava that cools and solidifies either after eruption onto the surface or deep underground. Igneous Rocks • Crystal size of rock depends on how fast it cooled. • Erupted from a volcano – Cooled very fast human eye can’t see crystals Igneous Rocks • Crystal size of rock depends on how fast it cooled. • In a magma chamber underground – Cooled slowly human eye can see crystals Sedimentary Rocks • Formed either as fragments of mineral/fossils that are cemented together or as minerals that are precipitated out of water. Sedimentary Rocks • Grain size of rocks depends on how fast the water was moving. • If water is moving fast, then it carries smaller grains downstream and deposits larger grains. Sedimentary Rocks • Grain size of rocks depends on how fast the water was moving. • If water is moving slowly, then it deposits the smaller grains. Sedimentary Rocks • In oceans, critters create shells, skeletons, and cell walls that, when deposited, form various types of limestone. Metamorphic Rocks • Formed when pre-existing rocks are changed into new rocks because of an increase in temperature or pressure as the rocks are buried. Metamorphic • At very high T & P (deep within the Earth), the rocks become color Rocks banded. These rocks were formed deep beneath a mountain. The Rock Cycle