Download The Atoms Family

The Atoms Family
Atoms are the smallest form of
elements
Chapter1, Unit D, p.9-15
In science, anything that has mass and takes up
space is called matter
Everything in the universe is made of matter
A really loooooong time ago, the Greeks
concluded that matter could be broken down
into particles too small to be seen.
They called these particles atoms
So, what’s an atom?
An atom is the smallest piece that matter can be
broken down to
Okay, but I’ve never seen an atom . . .
Where are they?
Atoms are EVERYWHERE!!
plants
hair
desks
boogers
CDs
Atoms are in . . .
chocolate
cheese
hot dogs
dirt
air
cars
And even underwear
Pop Quiz Question #1
What are the three states of matter?
A.
B.
C.
D.
solid, water, boiling
Water, ice, steam
Solid, liquid, gas
earth, rain, air
What do atoms look like?
There is no "atomic microscope"
which would allow one to look
inside an atom and say, "Aha!
There's 7 blue protons, 6 white
neutrons, and 7 red electrons."
The way the structure of the atom
was devised was through a long
series of experiments
Scientists have developed models . . .
Parts of an Atom
Atoms are composed of three parts
protons have a positive charge
(Perky Patty Proton)
neutrons are neutral
(Nerdy Nelda Neutron)
electrons have a negative charge
(Enraged Elliott Electron)
Protons and Neutrons
Protons and neutrons are responsible for most of the
mass of an atom.
If the proton and neutron
each had the mass of a
hippo, the electron would
have less mass than an
owl.
Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus
of the atom
Pop Quiz Question #2
Do neutrons have a charge?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Yes, they’re positive.
Yes, they’re negative.
Yes, they’re neutral.
No, they’re neutral.
Pop Quiz Question #3
What are the three parts of an atom?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Solid, liquid, gas
Proton, neutron, electron
Atom, cell, virus
Positive, negative, neutral
Pop Quiz Question #4
Where are protons and neutrons located in the atom?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The left
The right
Nucleus Arcade
Nucleus
Electrons
Electrons travel really fast around the nucleus in
electron orbits or shells
Only 2 electrons are located on the first shell, 8
can fit onto the second shell, 18 fit onto the third
shell, and 32 fit onto the fourth shell.
The Solar System Model of the Atom
shell
neutron
proton
electron
Electron Cloud Model
proton
electron
cloud
Elements
An element is any piece of matter that consists of
only one atom.
There are over 100 elements known to man
Each element has a name and a symbol
Atomic Math
Each element is identified by its atomic number
The atomic number tells how many protons
are in the nucleus and how many electrons
are in the shells
A stable atom has the same amount of protons
and electrons. What is the overall charge of the
atom?
The total number of protons and neutrons
in the nucleus is called the atomic mass number
Atomic Math (cont’d)
To determine the amount of neutrons for each
element, subtract the atomic number from
the atomic mass number
How many protons does zinc
have? 30
How many electrons does zinc
have 30
How many neutrons does zinc
have? 35
Pop Quiz Question #5
What information does the atomic number
provide?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The number of protons and electrons
The number of protons and neutrons
The number of neutrons and electrons
Only the number of protons
Pop Quiz Questions #6
An atom is stable when there are the same
number of protons as electrons. What would
be the charge of an oxygen atom that “lost”
two electrons?
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Neutral