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Starter Questions 1. Where are the metals found in the periodic table? 2. Where are the non-metals found in the periodic table? 3. What are the group 1 metals called? 4. What is the name of the block of metals between group 2 and group 3? 5. What are the group 7 non-metals called? 6. What are the group 8 (0) non-metals called? Wednesday, 24 May 2017 PEN numbers L.O: To know the structure of an atom and how to work out PEN numbers The structure of the atom The Ancient Greeks used to believe that everything was made up of very small particles. I did some experiments in 1808 that proved this and called these particles ATOMS: Dalton ELECTRON – negative, mass nearly nothing NEUTRON – neutral, same mass as proton (“1”) PROTON – positive, same mass as neutron (“1”) The structure of the atom Particle Proton Relative Mass 1 Relative Charge +1 Neutron Electron 1 0 0 -1 MASS NUMBER = number of protons + number of neutrons SYMBOL PROTON NUMBER = number of protons (obviously) Subatomic What does the periodic table tell you? Atomic Mass (Number of Proton and Neutrons) Proton Number (Number of Protons ) This is also usually the same as the number of electrons PEN numbers How many protons, electrons and neutrons? 1 proton 5 proton 8 proton 1 Electron 5 Electron 8 Electron 0 Neutron 6 Neutron 8 Neutron 11 proton 17 proton 92 proton 11 Electron 17 Electron 92 Electron 12 Neutron 18 Neutron 146 Neutron Discovery of atomic structure What is a theory? A theory is a suggestions which could explain why something is happening or why something is observed. It is not a guess or a fact. Theories can be changed if better evidence is available. The greenhouse effect is a theory about why global warming is occurring. But there are other theories! These apples keep falling to the ground. Perhaps there is a force pulling them – ”gravity”?