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Chemistry Study Guide Answers Metals on the left of the staircase Nonmetals on the right Name 3 metals Name 3 nonmetals Name a metalloid Atomic number • Tells # of protons • Tells # of electrons atomic # 11 atomic mass 23 » 11 protons » 11 electron » 12 neutrons » 2 electrons 1st ring » 8 electrons 2nd ring » 1 electron 3rd ring » copper • • • • Symbol Cu Protons 29 Electrons 29 Neutrons 64-29=35 • Atomic mass is 63.546 Sulfur Helium Malleable • Hammered flat • Metals are malleable Ductile • Pulled into wire • Metals are ductile Luster • Shiny Brittle • Easily shattered Dull • Not shiny Conductor of heat • Metals carry heat and electricity from place to place Oxygen O Colorless Odorless Tasteless Flammable Fuels a fire Hydrogen H Colorless Odorless Tasteless Explosive in fire Makes a “popping” noise In fire Carbon Dioxide • • • • • Colorless Odorless Tasteless Dense Puts out a fire CO2 Changes in Matter Physical Change • Can be reversed • No new material created • Phase change Chemical Change • Cannot be reversed • New substance made • One or more of the following occur: * color change * temperature change (hotter or colder) * gas produced ~ bubbles * new odor Water freezing to ice Physical change---can melt back to water Salt dissolving in water • Physical change--can be separated if water evaporates Iron rusts • Chemical change • New color, odor Sour Milk Chemical • • • • Odor change Taste change New chunky substance made Cant turn back to milk Element P U Re hosphorus ranium S U B S Ta N Ce ulfur ranium oron ulfur ntalum itrogen Made out of one kind of atom Found on the periodic table rium Compound Pure substance Made up of 2 or more elements CONNECTED together Chemical Change Cannot be separated Compound • Sugar C6H6O6 Compound • Salt NaCl Mixture Made up of more than one substance Substances are MIXED and CAN BE SEPARATED Physical Change Salt water element compound mixture mixture NaCl KOH H2O CO2 MnO 2 compound compound compound compound compound salt sugar water carbon dioxide manganese oxide Soda Silver Tap water Salt water Air mixture element mixture mixture mixture Acids Sour taste Corrode metals Have a H atom in the compound Turn litmus paper red Bases Bitter taste Slippery when touched Made out of a metal combined with OH Turn litmus paper blue Acids and Bases When combined acids and bases create Salt and Water Factors that change the rate of a reaction (make them faster) • • • • Heat Bigger amount of chemicals Add more pressure Catalysts like MnO2