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What did J.J. Thomson discover
about the atom? What atomic
model did he propose based on his
evidence?
Answer: it is possible to remove neg.
charged particles
Plum Pudding model
What did Niels Bohr discover about
the atom? What atomic model did
he propose based on his evidence?
Answer: It’s easy to pluck electrons
from an atom the further away they
are. Solar system model
What did Ernest Rutherford discover
about the atom? What atomic
model did he propose based on his
evidence?
Answer: Tiny particles shot at atom
bounced back, most went through.
Nuclear model
For electrons, protons and neutrons
– write down the charge on each
particle, the mass of each particle,
and where they are found in the
atom.
Electron = neg. charge found outside
nucleus, almost zero mass
Protons = pos. charge, in nucleus, 1 amu
Neutron = no charge, in nucleus, 1 amu
Why is the total charge on every
atom always zero?
Answer: Protons and electrons
cancel each other out
An atom of zinc, Zn, has 40
neutrons. What is the mass of the
atom?
Answer: 30 p + 40 n = 70
An atom of xenon, Xe, has 80
neutrons. What is the mass of the
atom?
Answer: 80 neutrons + 54 protons =
134
An atom of zirconium, Zr, has 50
neutrons. What is the mass of the
atom?
Answer: 50 neutrons + 40 protons =
90
An atom of zinc, Zn, has a mass of 65
amu. How many neutrons does the
atom have?
Answer: 65 – 30 protons = 35
neutrons
An atom of xenon, Xe, has a mass of
131 amu. How many neutrons does
the atom have?
Answer: 131 – 54 protons = 77
neutrons
An atom of zirconium, Zr, has a mass
of 91 amu. How many neutrons
does it have?
Answer: 91 – 40 protons = 51
neutrons
Isotopes have the same number of
__________ but a different number
of ___________.
Answer: Protons, neutrons (which
means they have a different mass)
An atom of phosphorus, P, has 16
neutrons. What is the mass of the
atom?
Answer: 16 neutrons + 15 protons =
31 mass
An atom of platinum, Pt, has a mass
of 195 amu. How many neutrons
does the atom have?
Answer: 195 – 78 protons = 117
neutrons
An atom of tungsten, W, has 112
neutrons. What is the mass of the
atom?
Answer: 112 neutrons + 74 protons =
186
An atom of barium, Ba, has a mass
of 133 amu. How many neutrons
does the atom have?
Answer: 133 – 56 protons = 77
neutrons
Write out the isotope symbol for
two possible isotopes of palladium,
Pd. Which is most abundant?
106
46 Pd
107
46 Pd
Pd – 106 is most abundant (closest to 106.4)
Write out the isotope symbol for
two possible isotopes of niobium,
Nb. Which is most abundant?
92
41 Nb
93
41 Nb
Nb – 93 is most abundant (closest to 92.91)
Write out the isotope symbol for
two possible isotopes of hafnium,
Hf. Which is most abundant?
178
72 Hf
179
72 Hf
Hf – 178 is most abundant (closest to 178.49)
An atom of niobium, Nb, has 53
neutrons. What is the mass and the
number of protons of this atom?
Write out the isotope symbol.
94
41 Nb
An atom of molybdenum, Mo, has a
mass of 98 amu. How many protons
and neutrons does this atom have?
Write out the isotope symbol.
140
42 Mo
An atom of vanadium, V, has 27
neutrons. What is the mass and the
number of protons of this atom?
Write out the isotope symbol.
50
23 V
An atom of chromium, Cr, has a
mass of 54 amu. How many protons
and neutrons does this atom have?
Write out the isotope symbol.
54
24 Cr
30 neutrons
An atom of ruthenium, Ru, has 59
neutrons. What is the mass and the
number of protons of this atom?
Write out the isotope symbol.
103
44 Ru
An atom of gernamium, Ge has a
mass of 76 amu. How many protons
and neutrons does this atom have?
Write out the isotope symbol.
76
32 Ge
44 neutrons
Write out the reaction for fluorine19 undergoing alpha decay
Write out the reaction for carbon-14
undergoing beta decay
Write out the reaction for the fusion
of helium-4 with oxygen-16