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Poverty Reduction and Adaptation to
Climate Change:
Synergies and Contradiction
Reinhard Wolf, GTZ
Climate Protection Programme
for Developing Countries (CaPP)
CaPP
Poverty reduction as overarching
task of German development policy
 derived from the shared goals of the
international community
 Millennium Declaration and the eight
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
 Program of Action 2015: Germany's strategy
paper
 Definition of poverty (not solely by low
income)
CaPP
Negative impacts of climate change
are more severely felt
by poor people and poor countries
Deaths from droughts and related
famines
International Disaster Database 1992-2001
/ Ian Noble/WB
• 􀂾 High income
0
• 􀂾 Upper-middle
few 10s
• 􀂾 Lower-middle
few 1000s
• 􀂾 Lowest incomes many 100,000s
 There are clear synergies between
successful climate change adaptation
and poverty reduction
CaPP
GTZ approach : mainstreaming
• screening of GTZ supported projects
• Initiation of (small) pilot projects, which are
integrated into ongoing large scale development
programmes
– India, Tunesia, and Benin on Watershed
Management / Agriculture, combat
desertification
– Mozambique and Nicaragua: Desaster Risk
Management / Early warning systems
CaPP
Possible contradictions
• construction of unappropriate dams to prevent
floods or protect coastal areas
• Maladaptation: introduction of drought resistant
crop varieties which are, however, also prone to
diseases
• introduction of shrimp farming for income
generation, for which mangrove forest, vital for
coastal protection, are destroyed
CaPP
Outlook and open
questions
• uncertainties with regard to regional trends
of climate change
uncertainties with regard to cost –
benefit of climate change interventions
• For successful „mainstreaming“ of
adaptation, „real“ additional funds are
required
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