Download On-going effort by a Cambodian expert to apply the GPG

IGES-URC Regional Workshop in Asia
on Capacity Development for the
Clean Development Mechanism
24-26 March 2004
Siem Reap, Cambodia
CDM INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN
CAMBODIA
By Tin Ponlok, Project Advisor
Climate Change Office, Cambodia
Outline of the Presentation:
1.
Background
2.
Institutional Environmental Framework
3.
Current CDM Framework
4.
Options for Establishing DNA in Cambodia
5.
Conclusion
1. Background

The 70s-80s internal turmoil prevented Cambodia from
participating in international affairs until early 90s.

The first democratic UN-sponsored elections in 1993
reopened opportunities for the country to participate in UN
and other international activities

Cambodia ratified the UNFCCC on 18 December 1995. The
Convention entered into force of the UNFCCC on 17 March
1996

Cambodia acceded to the Kyoto Protocol on 04 July2002,
which entered into force on 22 August 2002

First climate change project started in 1999 to help prepare
the first National Communication, which was submitted to
the CoP-8 at New Delhi in late 2002
2. Institutional Environmental
Framework (1/2)

Cambodia started establishing comprehensive legal, policy, and
institutional frameworks for sustainable development only after the
1993 elections

The new Constitution requires the state to ensure a rational use of
natural resources and environmental protection

Legislations, Decrees, and sub-Decrees have been established: the
Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resources
Management, Land Law, Mineral Law, Pollution Control Subdecrees, and Sub-decree on Environmental Impact Assessment.
Others are under preparation such as Forestry Law, Fisheries Law,
Wildlife Law, and Law on Protected Area Management

Sustainable management and use of natural resources and
environmental protection is one of the three Government strategies
outlined in The Socio-Economic Development Plan II (SEDPII) for
2001-2005”, a vital political platform to combat poverty
2. Institutional Environmental
Framework (2/2)

The Ministry of Environment (MoE) was established in 1993 with a
broad mandate of promoting environmental protection and
conservation of country’s natural resources

To ensure effective and successful implementation of sustainable
development related programs, the Government has also
established a number of National Inter-Ministerial Committees such
as Biodiversity, Protected Areas, Coastal and Marine Management,
and Management of the Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve

A number of environment-related action plans have been developed
or are under preparation: National Environmental Action Plan,
National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, Coastal Zone
Management Plan, Climate Change Action Plan, National Adaptation
Program of Action to Climate Change, Protected Area Management
Plan, etc.
3. Current CDM Framework (1/4)

The Climate Change Office was established on 23
June 2003 within the MoE Department of Planning
and Legal Affairs by MoE Declaration No 195

MoE is the National Focal Point for the UNFCCC
and the Kyoto Protocol

MoE was appointed as the Interim Designated
National Authority for CDM by the Prime Minister’s
Decision No 01 dated 15 July 2003. A Letter of
Notification to the UNFCCC Secretariat on this
decision was sent on 26 August 2003.
3. Current CDM Framework (2/4)
An exert from the Prime Minister’s Decision No 01 dated 15 July 2003:

Article 1: Appoint the Ministry of Environment to act as the Interim
Designated National Authority for the CDM, as required by the Kyoto
Protocol and the modalities and procedures outlined in the Marrakech
Accords.

Article 2: MoE, acting as the Interim DNA, shall have the authority to
request information from CDM project proponents and/or from all
concerned agencies and stakeholders related to that project.

Article 3: MoE, in close cooperation with all relevant line Ministries and
Agencies, shall:
1. Develop a set of interim criteria suitable to assess the proposed CDM projects to
ensure that they are in accordance with Cambodia's Sustainable Development
objectives. MoE shall defer to Cambodia's official legislation, regulations, policies,
plans, commitments, statements and decisions in developing these criteria;
2. Assess the proposed CDM projects the sustainable development criteria; and
3. As necessary, assess the proposed CDM projects against the modalities and
procedure as outlined in the Marrakech Accords and other relevant CoP/MoP Decisions.
3. Current CDM Framework (3/4)
An exert from the Prime Minister’s Decision No 01 dated 15 July 2003 (cont.):

Article 4: MoE shall provide a written letter of approval confirming that as
the Host Country, Cambodia's participation in the CDM project activity is
voluntary; and that through the assessment process outlined in Article 3,
the proposed project will assist in achieving sustainable development in
Cambodia.

Article 5: MoE shall be responsible for establishing the permanent DNA in
cooperation with concerned Government Ministries and Agencies and other
stakeholders.

Article 6: MoE shall perform other tasks as required as the DNA, and the
Focal Points of the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol.

Article 7: MoE shall serve as the liaison office and focal point for national
and international communications related to the CDM; and where
necessary, promote and facilitate CDM projects and investment within
Cambodia.
3. Current CDM Framework (4/4)
National Climate Change
Committee
(under establishment)
Cambodian Interim DNA
Secretariat
Cambodian Climate
Change Office
Ad hoc Inter-ministerial
Working Group on Energy
UNFCCC & the Kyoto
Protocol Focal Point
Minister of
Environment
Ad hoc Inter-ministerial
Working Group on Forestry
GHG
Inventory
GHG
Mitigation
Vulnerability
& Adaptation
UNFCCC
Implementation
4. Options for Establishing DNA in Cambodia (1/4)



Cambodia is currently analysing different
alternatives for DNA structures and assessment
process to be submitted to the Government for
consideration with support from UNEP/RISO
CD4CDM and IGES The CD4CDM.
The process of DNA establishment is being
carried out through cross-sectoral consultation
with all relevant stakeholders.
The final recommendation on DNA structure is
expected to be made to the Council of Ministers
by August 2004.
4. Options for Establishing DNA in Cambodia (2/4)
Single Government Agency
Approval by a Single Government Agency
(For example, Ministry of Environment or
Ministry of Industry...)
CDM Office
(Technical Staff)
Staff Seconded from Other Government
Agencies
(Industry, Forestry, Energy, Agriculture...)
4. Options for Establishing DNA in
Cambodia (3/4)
Inter-Ministerial
National CDM Authority
(An Organisation Independent of Line
Ministries with Approval Power)
Ministry of Industry
(Work Coordinated by
National Authority)
Ministry of Agriculture
(Work Coordinated by
National Authority)
Ministry of Environment
(Work Coordinated by
National Authority)
4. Options for Establishing DNA in
Cambodia (4/4)
Outsourcing
Line Ministry or
Government Agency
Non-Governmental Organisation or Private Company
(Contractual Agreement for Assessment of CDM Projects)
5. Conclusion
 In Cambodia, we have taken two-step process in establishing DNA:
 Establishment of an interim DNA to catch emerging CDM opportunities
 Extensive consultation with relevant stakeholders for establishing a
permanent DNA to ensure board representation
 Political support and commitment from the Government and adequate
technical capacity are key towards CDM implementation
 Broad participation and coordination of concerned stakeholders is
crucial in developing a meaningful and workable DNA
 Clear institutional arrangement and regulatory frameworks are
required to ensure interest from potential CDM project investors
 Development of relevant sustainable development criteria for
assessing proposed CDM projects is crucial to ensure that they are in
line with sustainable development priorities of the country
 For Cambodia, support from UNEP/RISØ CD4DM project and IGES
ICS-CDM project is important in timely establishment of DNA.
Questions/comments?