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IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS Climate Change Dr Wolfgang Grabs Chief, Hydrological Forecasting and Water Management Climate and Water Department [email protected] IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS • Matching user requirements with available observations, • Demand driven Improvement of current observations (temporal, spatial, accuracy, new observation platforms…) • Improve on data sharing agreements and protocols • Improve access to data: Need for metadata catalogs and inter-operable data management • Improve (tele)communication modes IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS • Maintaining stream of observations into global databases • Improve quality control of observations and uptake in global datasets • Feedback and gratification for data providers (!!!) • Interactive linkage of global data sets • From data to information: Building data products • Aggregate data sets to interactive, multiple-layer multiple variable products (i.e. hydrology, precipitation, groundwater, soil moisture, climate..) IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS Making improved use of observations for modeling (example): Framework for Aquatic Modeling of the Earth System (FrAMES) – Vörösmarty et al, 2008 Highly modular platform for model development allowing a high degree of configuration capabilities and ease of various input data. Next generation FrAMES will provide an XML based model definition for the implementation of various model processes. Inputs are managed by plug-in infrastructure to allow the implementation of different data streams through direct file access to different file formats or access into web-based data services. Global Data Sets - Platforms Examples for Data Portals FLASH FLOOD THREAT 3-HOUR UPDATE Challenges to the production of Global Data Sets (examples) Declining ability of the National Hydrological Services (NHSs) and related water agencies to provide information on the status and trend of water resources • Inadequate / deteriorating systems for collecting and managing water-resources related information • Little or no-quality assurance & control standards applied to instruments, data reduction methods and procedures • Insufficient basic capabilities to access, interpret, and apply water cycle information available from satellite systems « Rationalization » of networks: Stations with long-term records are abandoned because it is felt that no incremental hydrological information can be obtained for i.e. engineering/design purposes. This neglects the potentially changing hydrological regime as a result of climate change. Long-term hydrological records are indispensible to assess impacts of climate change and to derive adaptive measures. Declining Hydrological Networks: USGS example Source: http://water.usgs.gov/nsip/history.html From 1980 to 2004, 2,051 stream gauges with 30 or more years of streamflow record were discontinued. At the end of 2005, 7360 stations were active Decline of hydrological stations in Kirgizstan (Aral Sea Basin) 1985-2005 Динамика сокращения наблюдений гидрологической сети Кыргызгидромета 160 147 146 145 137135 140 Гидропосты Number of hydrological stations declined by 48% in the period 1985-2005 127 128 120 123 118 120 97 96 100 85 85 75 75 75 76 76 76 80 76 76 60 40 20 0 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 Годы 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 Global Data Sets Approaches to Facilitating Access and Uptake Cataloging datasets Locate Evaluate Extract • Index of Datasets • Product Catalog – Printed – On-line • Clearinghouse – Searching – Browsing Client Metadata Spatial Data Set • Data Warehouse ? – Management ? ? Private Company ? Local Agency Non-Profit Agency State Agency ? ? Federal Agency Academic Call oftoformats transfers, for access standard of descriptions Callfor forstandard easily identify, evaluate, hydrologic data GRDC -services exchange of and hydrologic data and information on global scale Various data users from allbetween over the world require special datasets. GRDC - facilitator the producers and users of hydrologic data WMO Information System - WIS brings new features and opportunities • Common information exchange standards, functions and services for all WMO programmes • Inter-disciplinary discovery, retrieval and exchange of information in real-time and non-real time • Inter-operability through on-line catalogues using metadata based on ISO 19100 (geographic information standard) • Industry standards and off-the-shelf hardware and software systems to ensure cost-effectiveness and compatibility Structure of WIS Functional centres interconnected by data communication networks: • National Centres (NC) – Links national data providers and users to regional and global data exchange nodes, and administrates access to WIS • Data Collection and Production Centres (DCPC) – Provides for regional and international exchange of WMO programmes’ data and products – Supports data and information push and pull • Global Information System Centres (GISC) – Provides for global exchange of data and products – Collects and provides metadata for all data and products – Supports data and information discovery and pull WIS World Radiation Centre International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. ) Regional Instrument Centres IRI, Hadley Centre, and other climate research centres; Universities; Regional Climate Centres (CIIFEN, etc.) GAW World Data Centres GCOS Data Centres Global Run-off Data Centre DCPC NC NC Global Precip. Climatology Centre NC/ DCPC NC/ DCPC Commercial Service Providers NC NC GISC NC GISC GISC International Projects (e.g. GMES HALO) NC DCPC NC DCPC GISC GISC Satellite Two-Way Systems NC WMO World Data Centres Satellite Dissemination (IGDDS, RETIM, etc) NC NC Real-time “push” On-demand “pull” WIS contribution to GEO WMO Weather Domain Climate Domain Water Domain WIS Internet GEONetCast GTS IGDDS GEO Health Energy Ecosystems Disasters Weather Climate Water Agriculture Biodiversity Thank You