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Unit 1: Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1
Wellness and Healthy Active
Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Key Terms
• healthy active living
• wellness
• wellness-awareness
continuum
• healthy lifestyle
• overweight
• obesity
• fitness
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
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health-related fitness
skill-related fitness
Medicare
Canadian Physical Activity
Fitness & Lifestyle
Approach (CPAFLA)
• Health Benefit Zones
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-2
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
What Is Wellness?
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Health conscious
Health active
Health wise
Health committed
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-3
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Wellness-Awareness Continuum
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-4
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
What Is Healthy Active Living?
• Good physical health
• Good mental health
• Good social health
• Good spiritual health
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-5
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Maintaining a Healthy Weight
• Health risks of carrying excess weight:
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Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Type II diabetes
Osteoarthritis
Sleep apnea
Cancer
• Active Living: spend 30 minutes every school day on
physical activities with at least 10 minutes involving
vigorous activities
• Healthy Eating: choose a balanced food plan that includes
three or more meals per day that target all food groups
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-6
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
What Is Fitness?
• Health-Related
Fitness:
• Skill-Related Fitness:
• Cardiorespiratory
fitness
• Muscular strength
• Muscular endurance
• Flexibility
• Body Composition
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
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Agility
Balance
Coordination
Power
Reaction time
Speed
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-7
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Health Canada and You
• The Health Card
• Assessing the Nation:
• Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness & Lifestyle Approach
(CPAFLA)
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-8
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Why Take Health and Physical Education?
• Learn and develop new activity skills
• Make better decisions about your health now and
as you grow older
• Improve your physical, mental, social, and
spiritual health
• Get more opportunities to be active
• Learn to be educators and leaders
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-9
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Choosing to Participate
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Be on time
Dress appropriately for class
Play fair
Play safe
Practise good social skills
Have fun!
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-10
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Unit 1: Healthy Active Living
Chapter 2
Healthy Bones and
Muscles
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Key Terms
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anatomy/physiology
anatomical position
anatomical axes and planes
axial skeleton/appendicular skeleton
smooth muscle/cardiac muscle/skeletal muscle
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-12
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Key Terms – cont’d
• muscle contraction
• sliding filament theory
• neuromuscular junction
• joints
• muscle pairs
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-13
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Anatomy and Physiology
• Structure and Function
• Anatomy: the branch of science concerned with
describing the bodily structure of humans, animals,
and other living organisms
• Physiology: the branch of biology that is concerned
with how the various body parts function
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-14
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Anatomical Position
• A common starting point from which scientists
view, describe, and analyze body parts and body
movements
• When demonstrating the anatomical position:
• The person is standing erect with head, eyes, and toes
pointing forward
• The feet are together and the arms are slightly out to
the side
• The palms of the hands are facing forward
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-15
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Anatomical Position
• Describing Positions and Relationships:
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Anterior/Posterior
Superior/Inferior
Medial/Lateral
Proximal/Distal
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-16
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Describing Movement
• Anatomical axes are imaginary lines around which
rotation occurs:
• Horizontal axis (bilateral axis)
• Anteroposterior axis
• Polar axis (vertical axis)
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-17
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Describing Movement
• Anatomical planes are like sheets of glass placed
through the body that show the dimension in
which a movement occurs:
• Sagittal plane
• Frontal plane (coronal plane)
• Transverse plane (horizontal plane)
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-18
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Skeletal System
• The Parts of the Skeleton:
• Types of Bones:
• Axial skeleton
• Appendicular skeleton
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
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Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Long bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
Sesamoid bones
Short bones
Chapter 1-19
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Anatomy of a Long Bone
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Cartilage
Periosteum
Diaphysis
Medullary cavity
Compact bone
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
• Cancellous, or spongy
bone
• Epiphysis
• Epiphyseal plates
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-20
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Muscular System
• Muscle Types:
• Smooth muscles
• Involuntary
• Can stay contracted for a long period of time
• Cardiac muscle
• Involuntary
• Specialized muscle tissue in the heart
• Skeletal muscle
• Voluntary
• Pull on bones, causing joints to move
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-21
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Muscles in Action
• An electrical impulse comes
from the brain or spinal cord
(voluntary or involuntary)
• The signal travels along the
nerve to the muscle site (the
neuromuscular junction) and
attempts to jump the gap
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
• A chemical reaction takes
place deep within the
muscle fibre (many times
over), affecting the entire
muscle group
• At the molecular level, the
reaction causes the
filaments to “slide” with
respect to each other in a
ratchet-like fashion
• The muscle fibre contracts
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-22
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Types of Muscle Contraction
• Concentric contraction
• The muscle shortens while working
• Eccentric contraction
• The muscle lengthens while working
• Isometric contraction
• The muscle force is equal to resistance and the muscle
doesn’t change in length
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-23
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Joints
• Types of Joints:
• Fibrous (or immovable) joints
• Cartilaginous (or slightly moveable) joints
• Synovial (or freely moveable) joints
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-24
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Synovial Joints
• Types of Synovial
Joints:
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Gliding
Hinge
Pivot
Ellipsoid
Saddle
Ball-and-socket
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-25
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Types of Movement at Joints
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Flexion
Abduction
Supination
Dorsiflexion
Inversion
Internal rotation
Circumduction
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
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Extension
Adduction
Pronation
Plantar flexion
Eversion
External rotation
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-26
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Unit 1: Healthy Active Living
Chapter 3
Healthy Heart and Lungs
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Key Terms
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cardiorespiratory system
artery/vein
cardiovascular system
pulmonary/systemic
circulation
• cardiac control centre
• cardiac cycle
• blood pressure
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
• respiratory system
• alveoli
• adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)
• aerobic system
• anaerobic system
• lactic acid
• aerobic activity
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-28
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Cardiorespiratory System
• The heart, lungs, and all their supporting
structures, including the blood vessels
• Heart and Lung Awareness
• Air pollution
• Smoking
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-29
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Cardiovascular System
• Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation
• The Double Pump
• In a Heart Beat
• Diastolic phase
• Systolic phase
• Blood Pressure
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-30
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Respiratory System
• Conductive Zone (Breathing)
• Area where air enters the lungs
• Respiratory Zone (Gas Exchange)
• Area where the gas exchange occurs
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-31
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Energy Systems
• The Aerobic System
• The Anaerobic System
• ATP—CP
• Glycolysis
• Lactic Acid
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-32
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Keeping the Cardiorespiratory System Fit
• Exercise
• Aerobic activity
• Nutrition
• Eat a variety of foods in moderation
• Avoid:
• Smoking
• Thousands of chemicals found in both tobacco and
marijuana smoke
• Stress
• Can cause high blood pressure and lead to cardiovascular
disease
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-33
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Keep Your Heart and Lungs Fit
• Avoid excess weight gain
• Reduce or prevent high blood pressure
• Lessen the risk of coronary artery disease
• Reduce the risk of stroke
Unit 1
Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active Living
Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Chapter 1-34
Wellness and Healthy Active Living