Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Understanding physiology of most important body systems involved in athletic animals. Evaluation methods of athletic animals. Exercise physiology. Fitness improvement. Fitness tests. Performance (Enhancing) medicines. Testing fitness Early identification of week stamina. Evaluation of performance. Maximize fitness Improve results of competitions. Reduce incidence of injuries. Respiratory. Cardiovascular. Musculoskeletal. Bronchodilator. Exercise related intra-pulmonary bleeding. Blood. Heart. Vessels. Bone. Joint & tendon. Muscle. Aerobic training Increase stock volume of the blood. Increase the maximum heart rate to 70-90% in case of the horse. Increase oxygen capacity. Increase energy storage. Increase buffer capacity. Enhancing enzymatic activity (warming up). Anaerobic training Increase training load (Speed & Frequency or Distance) (fatigue after 800 m so increase the distance to 1000 m). Avoiding training related anorexia by regular light training daily. Blood Cortisol response decrease with excessive exercise in which the response of hypothalamus to the competition decrease and this syndrome can’t diagnose by routine hematological or biochemical tests. Hematological parameter cannot be used as a guide to fitness. Feeding before taking blood sample lead to increase in PCV and plasma protein and serum potassium. Chronic inflammation cause bone marrow suppression and then lead to anemia. Giving of bicarbonate salt to the horse after race is with dubious value because excessive exercise will lead to decrease the chloride due to sweating and retention of bicarbonate which lead to alkalosis. And there is a doubt that high bicarbonate as a buffer prevents tying up. Among 131 racing horse with poor performance show normal hematological parameters. Blood gas analysis. Lactate clearance test. Electrolyte analysis. ECG. This value express the ability of the horse to transport oxygen from atmosphere to the skeletal muscles and then to mitochondria and use it to generate new ATP. Respiratory acid & base balance. Oxygen consumption = 1.6 × HR max – 65 Respiratory/Blood Gases Na+, K+, Cl-, pH, PCO2, tCO2, HCO3-, anion gap, base excess, PO2, SO2, tHb that occurs physiologically soon after finishing of racing but if persistent give indication about poor performance. Has important role in skeletal muscle contraction as well as cardiac one. Important as muscle buffer. For normal physiological function of all body cells. Transfer of action potential though the nerve fibers. Systems involved in racing performance. Challenges facing trainer and how to overcome? Types of training. Improve fitness. Fitness tests.