Download Dialysis

Peritoneal Dialysis
End Stage Renal Disease
Causes
and
Treatment Methods
Peritoneal Dialysis
The Kidney’s
Peritoneal Dialysis
The Kidney’s - Glomerulus
Peritoneal Dialysis
Dialysis Process
What Your Kidneys Do
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Removes Metabolic Waste
Fluid Balance
Electrolyte Balance
Acid Base Balance
Hormone Production
 Parathyroid Hormone
 Erythropoeiten
 Vitamin D Metabolism
The Kidneys
Dialysis
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Peritoneal Dialysis
Causes of Renal Failure
 Diabetes
 Hypertension
 Glomerulonephritis
 Infectious Diseases
 Inherited Disease
 Drug Toxicity
 Other
Peritoneal Dialysis
Types of Renal Failure
Acute
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Sudden Onset
Short Duration
Reversible
Aggressive Dialysis or
Conservative Management
Chronic
 Gradual Onset
 Not Reversible
 Prior to End Stage
Conservative Mgt.
 End Stage, Chronic
Management
Peritoneal Dialysis
Complications of Renal
Failure
 Hypertension
 Sodium Retention/Fluid Accumulation
 Anemia
 Dyspnoea
 Electrolyte Imbalance
 Acidosis
 Uraemic Syndrome
Peritoneal Dialysis
Uraemic Syndrome
Signs
 BUN and Creatinine Elevation
Symptoms
Loss of Appetite
Nausea
Change in Taste
Fatigue
Sleep Disorders
Mental Changes
Neuropathy
Anemia
Itching
Acidosis
Shortness of Breath
 GI Manifestations
 Neurological Manifestations
 Hematological Manifestations
 Dermal Manifestations
 Respiratory Manifestations
Peritoneal Dialysis
Renal Diseases
Population
Risk Factors
Mechanism of
Injury
Renal Damage
Recovery
Acute Renal
Failure
Renal
Replacement
Therapy
Chronic Renal
Failure
End Stage
Renal Failure
Renal
Replacement
Therapy
Recovery
Death
Peritoneal Dialysis
Management of
End Stage Renal Disease
 Conservative Management
 Haemodialysis
 Peritoneal Dialysis
- CAPD, APD, NIPD, DAPD
 Transplantation
 No Treatment
Peritoneal Dialysis
Haemodialysis
Advantages
 Effective method to
remove waste products
 Performed by trained
professionals
 Provides socialization for
patients
 Only need dialysis 3 times
per week.
 No equipment in the home
(Unless Home HD)
Disadvantages
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Physical ups and downs
Use of needles
Dietary restrictions
Vascular access
Travel to Center
Peritoneal Dialysis
Peritoneal Dialysis
Advantages
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Manage your own care at home
Greater independence and control
Flexible treatment schedule
Less restricted diet
No needles
Less stress on body
Blood pressure control
Disadvantages
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Dialysis every day
Permanent catheter
Body image changes
Risk of infection
Possible weight gain
Storage space needed for supplies.
Peritoneal Dialysis
Transplantation
Advantages
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Most like your own kidney
Pa tient's Kidney
No dialysis needed
No access needed
Normal Diet (-sodium)
More “normal” life style
Tra nspla nt Kidney
(extra -peritonea lly)
Disadvantage
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Risks of major surgery
Risk of body rejecting kidney
Possible side effects of drugs
Lower resistance to illness
Body image changes.
Bla dder
Peritoneal Dialysis
Withdrawal or No Treatment
 Some patients may not be able to
psychologically accept dialysis.
 An elderly patient with co-morbid conditions may
not be accepted for therapy.
 Medical conditions may preclude therapy.
 Medical team, patient and patient family will
discuss treatment alternatives.