Download morbidity and mortality

☺morbidity and mortality measures
They reflect the frequency of sickness producing and
death causing diseases in the community.
-Disease rate: it is the number of persons with a
disease per unit of the population of the place
interest at a given time.
Disease rate = N/N+F*100
N :number of person having disease
F: Noumber of persons without disease
N &N+F come from same population
Morbidity: the frequency of illness in a socity
Mortality: the frequency of death in a society
*morbidity rate
Definition: it is the ratio of sick to well person in a society.
*aim for keeping morbidity rate:
1. help to control infectious or communicable disease by
health agencies .
2. to make public program for planning and evolution
proposes such as center for retarded children.
3. to determine the effect of morbidity of workers in
various industries.
4. for investigation causes of disease.
*source of morbidity records
1. disease control activates e.g. tumor registers.
2.goverment financial public assistance.
3. from data accumulated e.g. by routine hospital
and health center
4. from morbidity survy
5.recordes o industrial and school absenteeism
*errors affecting morbidity and mortality data:
1. diagnostic inaccuracy.
2. incomplete identification of cases.
3. variability of the recording system.
4. population migration
5. change in population structure (age, sex,
race………….)
6. change in administrative boundaries related to
health serves.
*Incidence rate :number of new cases of disease that occur during a
specific period in a define population
Incidence rate = no. of new cases of disease in population during a
specific time ÷ no of persons exposed to the risk of developing of
disease during the same period *100%
* prevalence rate: no. of case in a defined population at a
particular point in time or during a specified period
Prevalence rate = no. of total cases (old &new) of disease present in
population at a specific time ÷ no. of persons in population at the
same specific time *100%
Attack rate =no. of total cases (old &new )on one day ÷ no.
of actively exposed persons *100%
Infant mortality rate = no. of death infants under 1 year
during a period ÷ no. of live birth during same period*100%
Neonatal mortality rate= no. of death infants under 28days
during 1 month period ÷ no. of live birth during same
period*100%
Fertility rate= no of live birth in an area during a year ÷
midyear population aged (15-44)in the same area, in the
same age.*100%
Type of human reservoir casing spread of infection in the
community:
1.carrier
Is well person without appearance sings of disease and move freely
among the peoples.so, the carrier help the spread of infection.
2. subclinical sick individual:
A person has a mild sickness which unable to move about freely
3. frank sick individual (patient):
A person has clinical feature of disease without ability to movment.
So , it is isolated or hospitalized without chance to contact with
well person.