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Download Canine Breeding Management - Iowa State University: Animal
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Cat and Dog Preventative Medicine: Breeding and Genetic Medicine Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. April 2, 2012 IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES Breeding Management and Disease Prevention • Infectious Agents • Genetic Disease – Simple – Complex Infectious Disease • Canine Agents • Feline Agents Canine Agents • Brucella canis – Cause of reproductive failure and zoonotic • Transmissible canine venereal tumor – – – – Tumor cells are the infectious agent Over 6000 years old Current form is 200-2000 years old Issue in tropics/subtropics Feline Agents • Retroviruses – FIV – FeLV Feline Blood Type Incompatibility • B queens bred to A toms or A carrier toms – Blood typing – DNA testing for B carrier status B Blood Frequency by Breed Table 1: Estimated frequency of type B cats in various breeds NB: For some breeds only small numbers of cats have been tested, so the figures may not be as accurate as they would be if results were available for larger numbers of cats. The proportion of group B cats within a breed may change with time, depending on breeding choices and patterns within that breed. Only type A Low type B frequency Intermediate type B High type B frequency frequency (>25%) (1-10%) (10-25%) Siamese* American Shorthair* Abyssinian* British Shorthair* ^ Tonkinese* Maine Coon* Birman* ^ † Cornish Rex* Oriental Shorthair* Manx* Burmese^ Devon Rex* † Norwegian Forest* Himalayan* Exotic* Bengal** Persian* ^ Ragdoll* Scottish Fold* Turkish Van* Somali* Turkish Angora * Sphynx* † * Figures supplied by Dr Giger, University of Pennsylvania ^ Figures from a study of UK cats conducted by C Knottenbelt, University of Glasgow † Figures supplied by Dr Addie, University of Glasgow ** Figures supplied by Professor D Gunn-Moore, Edinburgh University Breeds at Risk (Summary) • Exclusive A cats – Siamese – Tonkinese – Oriental Shorthair • Other breeds at risk ranging from 1% to greater than 25% (i.e. British shorthairs) Cardiac Evaluation and Thyroid Evaluation • Heart – Echo – Dipl. ACVIM (Cardio) • Thyroid – Blood tests – OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) Recessive Genetic Disease in Dogs and Cats • Dozens of genetic disease in dogs and cats for which genetic tests exist • DNA based tests are usually breed specific • Some breeds share mutations • Involve serious inherited recessive diseases of various body systems – Vision – Lysosomal Storage Diseases – Hematological Disorders Breed Specific Tests Airdale Terrier English Cocker Spaniels Miniature Poodle American Cocker Spaniels English Pointer Miniature Schnauzer Australian Cattle Dogs English Setter Newfoundland Australian Shepherd English Springer Spaniel Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers Basenji Field Spaniel Basset Hound Flat-coated Retriever Bedlington Terrier German Short-haired Pointer Bernese Mountain Dog German Wire-haired Pointer Briard Golden Retriever Brittany Spaniel Great Dane Bull Terrier Greyhound Shetland Sheepdog Bullmastiffs Irish Setters Shih Tzu Cairn Terrier Irish Red & White Setters Siberian Huskies Cardigan Welsh Corgi Kerry Blue Terrier Sloughis Chesapeake Bay Retrievers Labrador Retriever Toy Poodles Curly-Coated Retriever Large Munsterlander West Highland White Terrier Dachshunds Lhasa Apso Wheaten Terrier Dalmatian Manchester Terrier Whippet Doberman Pinscher Mastiffs Miniature Pinschers Papillon Pembroke Welsh Corgi Poodles (all varieties) Portuguese Water Dog Samoyeds Schipperke Scottish Terrier Wire-haired Pointing Griffon Commercial DNA Based Testing • • • • • Testing for diseases Testing for traits (hair coat color) Testing for parentage Testing for heritage University based, single tests – Usually developer of tests • University based, multiple tests and services • Commercial laboratories, University spin-offs • Commercial laboratories, usually little to no development • Price $75-$150 • Who you gonna call? Vet Gen Coat Color Tests • The B and b alleles of the dog – Three mutations in Tyrosinase Related Protein1 (TRP1) involved in the chocolate coat color in “bb” Labrador retrievers (and dogs of many other breeds). • The E and e alleles of the dog – One mutation in the the Melanocortin-1 Receptor (MC1R) gene that causes the the yellow coat color in “ee” dogs. Orthopedic Evaluations • • • • • • • OFA Penn Hip (1.5 years) HD (2 years of age) OCD ED Age (see above) Retesting – Penn Hip – no – HD - yes Ocular Evaluations • CERF evaluations – ACVO • Frequency – Annually
