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Blood borne Pathogens Precautions for Utility
Employees
Indiana Statewide REC
Regulatory Programs
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Intent of this training
During this training you will learn the following:
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What are Blood borne Pathogens?
What are the laws and regulations?
How do exposures occur?
How to prevent exposures and/or
transmission.
What to do if an exposure occurs.
Your Utilities Program Components.
You will be tested on your basic knowledge at the
end of this presentation.
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Workplace Injuries do happen…
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Be prepared to
respond to workplace
injuries of others, by
protecting yourself
first!
Most Operations
personnel are required
to be trained in and
perform first aid &
CPR, if necessary.
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Who is covered by the Program
Requirements?
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All employees who can be “reasonably
anticipated” to come into contact with blood or
bodily fluids as part of their job duties
(performing first aid or CPR)
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- Lineman
- Ground man
- Designated Emergency Personnel
Typical office personnel job duties do not involve
provision of first aid or CPR
“Good Samaritan” acts, such as assisting a coworker with a nose bleed, is not considered
occupational exposure, but should still be
approached with caution.
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OSHA Standard
(29 CFR 1910.1030)
OSHA/IOSHA requires businesses to:
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Develop an exposure control plan
Provide annual personnel training
Provide personal protection
equipment to employees
Offer hepatitis B vaccinations
Provide exposure follow-up in the
event of a confirmed incident
This training will provide you with the
information necessary to meet this
standard.
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Blood borne Pathogens (BBP) Types
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BBP are pathogenic
microorganisms found in human
blood that can cause disease.
Example viruses are:
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Hepatitis Virus (HBV, HCV, HDV)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV, AIDS is caused by HIV)
Leptospirosis and many others
The same protective approaches
are used to combat all.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV)
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HIV is the virus that
leads to AIDS
HIV depletes the
immune system
HIV does not survive
well outside the body
No threat on contracting
HIV through casual
contact
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Hepatitis B (HBV)
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1—1.25 million
Americans are
chronically infected
Symptoms include:
jaundice, fatigue,
abdominal pain, loss
of appetite,
intermittent nausea,
vomiting
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May lead to chronic
liver disease, liver
cancer, and death
Vaccination
available since 1982
HBV can survive for
at least one week in
dried blood
Symptoms can
occur 1-9 months
after exposure
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Hepatitis C (HCV)
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Hepatitis C is the most
common chronic
bloodborne infection in
the United States
Symptoms include:
jaundice, fatigue,
abdominal pain, loss of
appetite, intermittent
nausea, vomiting
May lead to chronic liver
disease and death
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Types of Infectious Materials
BB Pathogens may be present in body
fluids.
Contact with any of these could cause
transmission potential:
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Human blood, blood products (highest
concentrations)
Saliva, sweat, tears, urine, vomitus
Semen and vaginal secretions
Cerebrospinal, pleural, pericardial,
peritoneal, and amniotic fluids
Any body fluid that is visibly
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contaminated with blood
Routes of Exposure
Potential avenues of exposure to
BBP can include:
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Sexual transmission
Intravenous drug use
Prenatal Transmission
Occupational exposures (CPR,
bleeding openings in skin,
mucus membrane contact)
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Occupational Tasks That May
Involve Exposure
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Providing first aid/emergency care/
medical treatment to a co-worker
Performing CPR
Cleaning up spills of blood/body
fluids from an incident
Handling potentially contaminated
clothing or material
CASUAL CONTACT WITH OTHERS WILL
NOT CAUSE TRANSMISSION OF
THESE VIRUSES.
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Employee Protection Strategies
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Employees can
respond to incidents
properly and protect
themselves by
employing:
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Following Universal
Precautions
Using Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPE)
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Universal Precautions
Using the “Universal
Precautions”
approach is required
to prevent exposures
and protect yourself.
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This is defined as
controlling exposure
by approaching all
human blood and
body fluids as if
known to be infected
with HIV, HBV, or
other blood borne
pathogens
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Personal Protective Equipment
The Utility will provide
employees with appropriate
BB Pathogen protective
equipment (PPE). This
includes:
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Gloves
Safety glasses
CPR one way valve/barrier
Antiseptic hand cleaners
This equipment is found in
building & vehicle first
aid/BBP kits
These protective devices were
chosen based on hazard
potential and can only protect,
if they are used properly!
Think before you act! Protect
yourself.
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Protecting Yourself…Your first step!
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Properly Utilizing PPE
and washing with soap
and water as soon as
possible is an employees
BEST method to avoid
transmission of
pathogenic viruses.
Use Antiseptic hand
cleaners
Try to allow the injured
party to treat
themselves, if possible.
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Hepatitis Virus
Hepatitis Virus is one of
several types of BB
Pathogen found in
human blood/bodily
fluids.
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The Hepatitis Virus can
generate disease of the
liver
The potential for HBV or
HBC transmission in the
occupational setting is
greater than for HIV and
other viruses due to:
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Higher blood
concentration
Can live outside body
(dry blood) longer
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What is hepatitis B?
Hepatitis B is a germ (virus)
that gets into your body and
ultimately attacks your liver.
We will focus on HBV due to
its higher transmission
potential.
Hepatitis B Virus
Your liver helps your body digest the food you eat and
store energy. It also helps your body get rid of poisons.
Liver
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Hepatitis B Virus - continued
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The Centers for Disease Control
estimates the total number of new
HBV infections in the U.S. to
average 78,000 (2001).
Of these, upwards of 8000 people
will become an acute carrier of
HBV, and thereby be at risk of
developing chronic liver disease
(cirrhosis/liver cancer) and
possibly infecting others.
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Hepatitis B Virus - continued
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If you contract Hepatitis B there is
currently no cure.
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Recovery from the infection depends upon
the action of the person’s immune system
on the virus.
Some individuals will develop health
complications to the exposure, others will
not.
Individuals can become carriers without
showing outward symptoms.
HEP B transmission can be prevented
through controlling exposures and
obtaining pre-exposure vaccination.
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Hepatitis B Vaccination
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Available since 1981
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synthetic vaccine derived from yeast
Considered one of the safest vaccines
ever developed
Series of 3 shots in shoulder at
intervals of 0, 1 & 6 months
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Stimulates body to develop anti-bodies
Blood test can determine if proper
levels of protective HBV antibodies
have developed after vaccination.
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Hepatitis B can be prevented!
If you have never had hepatitis B,
you can get 3 shots . . .
1
2
3
. . . and get long lasting protection.
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Hepatitis B Vaccinations
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Minor side effects include:
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soreness
redness at site
fatigue
Proven to be 97% effective in
healthy adults
Vaccinations recommended for
newborns and school aged
children/teens
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Hepatitis B Vaccination - continued
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Employee vaccinations are free
of charge and available unless:
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1) employee has previously
received the complete series,
2) antibody testing reveals that the
employee is already immune or
3) medical reasons prevent the
employee from being vaccinated
Vaccinations are voluntary. You
can not be required to take the
vaccination series.
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Hepatitis B Vaccination - continued
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If you decline the vaccine initially,
you can decide to take the
vaccinations at a later time
Employees who decline the
vaccinations must sign a declination
form indicating that the vaccinations
were offered.
All vaccination records are kept
secure and are confidential by law.
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Infectious Waste
Handling/Disposal
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Rule of Thumb – properly dispose
of anything contaminated with
blood.
Red bags – used for field
containment of contaminated
items, including used PPE.
The biohazard symbol – used to
identify proper
containers/contamination
potential.
Contaminated surfaces or
equipment – clean with 10/1
bleach solution or approved
disinfectants.
ALL CONTAMINTED MATERIAL
(including used PPE) MUST BE
PROPERLY CONTAINED AND
DISPOSED OF AS BIOHAZARDOUS
WASTE. Marked containers are
available.
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Utility Exposure Control Plan
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Your employer has
developed a written
exposure plan
covering:
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Positions covered
Employer Contact
PPE Use/location
Exposure Reporting
Disposal Issues
HEP B Vaccinations
Post Exposure Issues
The Utility’s Employers Exposure Control Plan, including a copy of the
regulatory text, is available for review in the Compliance Info Manual.
See your supervisor for its location(s).
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If An Exposure Occurs...
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Immediately wash with soap and
water and allow cut to bleed
Report immediately to supervisor
Be evaluated by health care
professional as soon as possible
Document the incident
Receive post-exposure
vaccinations, if appropriate
Receive counseling, based on
physicians recommendation
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In Conclusion…
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Employees must continually protect
themselves from bodily fluid exposures
and recognize the seriousness of
pathogenic viruses.
If employees have questions regarding
this training or topic, they should
contact their supervisor or an OSHA
authorized trainer @ 812-322-4138 or
317-696-6246.
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