Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
World Religion Review Sheet, Things you need to know about the religions When Animism Old Old Judaism 2000 BCE Confucianism Christianity Who Started it How they started Holy Books Noneoften holy places are in nature Synagogue Poly Spiritual realm Mono Heaven and Hell Western Jerusalem God/ Yahweh There are temples, but emphasis is on daily interaction s, all spaces are sacred Church Neither, a set of principles . Often believer follows other religions as well Mono Depends on other beliefs of follower Eastern Qufu— Confucius’s birth place. Depends on other beliefs of the follower. Heaven and Hell Western Bethlehem Jerusalem, Vatican City Trinity (God, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit) Koran Mosque Mono Heaven and Hell Western Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem Allah Vedas Mandir Poly Eastern The River Ganges Main God is Brahman. Others are Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva Tripitaka Stupa Kind of atheistic A cycle of reincarnation until you achieve Moksha - the release of the soul, also known as the Atman Reincarnation until you achieve enlightenment. Then you go to Nirvana, a place free of pain and suffering Every continent Based on close connection to nature/natural world None Modern Day Iraq -Torah 500 BCE Confucious Modern Day China God made a promise to Abraham that he would be a father of a great nation and that a savior would come. Confucius did not see himself as founding anything, merely teaching and clarifying the views that were already part of the culture. 30 CE Jesus Christ Jerusalem, Israel Jesus, the Son of God, and Savior, died and rose from the dead to pay to the price of sin for mankind. Muhammad received messages from Allah, through the Angel Gabriel, about how one should live. Unknown. It is a combination of many early beliefs from this area. Bible Siddhartha, after realizing life is about suffering, meditated and achieved enlightenment. People began to follow his teachings. 590 CE Hinduism 2000 BCE The Prophet Muhammad Mecca, Saudi Arabia No one person. Northern India, the Indus Valley Unknown Around 600 BCE Siddhartha Gautama, a.k.a. Buddha North East India The Si Shu (Four Books), and the Wu Jing (Five Classics) Buildings Mono or Poly Afterlife Old & New Testament Eastern Holy Cities God’s Name Eastern or Western Both Unknown, many people in many places Abraham Islam Buddhism Where None Varies Buddhists do not believe I a personal creator God Animism Confucianism Basic Beliefs Animists believe in many personal supernatural beings that inhabit objects and/or living beings and govern their existence. Animism refers to many different beliefs of this type, not one specific creed or doctrine. Most Animists believe: There are souls or spirits in the natural world There is a natural world and a separate, spiritual world Shamanism—a set of practices and skills that can help control the spirits The spirit survives physical death Confucians do not have any specific rituals. Often Confucians follow the practices of other religions. In Confucianism humans are seen as positive and able to work to improve their behavior. They are expected to live their lives by the 5 principles. Li: includes ritual, propriety, etiquette, etc. Hsiao: love within the family: love of parents for their children and of children for their parents Yi: righteousness Xin: honesty and trustworthiness Jen: benevolence, humaneness towards others; the highest Confucian virtue Chung: loyalty to the state, etc. Judaism “Holy Books” were not assembled until the Sung Dynesty (1200 CE) Jews believe that there is a single God who not only created the universe, but with whom every Jew can have an individual and personal relationship. The Covenant: Agreement between God and the Patriarch Abraham that he and his descendents will obey God and live by his rules and in exchange will be his chosen people, given the Holy Land and protected by Him. 10 Commandments: Fundamental law code that is part of the Torah. Rules to live by. There are also many other rules spelled out elsewhere in the Torah. Messiah—Person who will someday lead the Jews to success/happiness Symbols No specific symbol, but symbols are often circles, stars and things from nature. Christianity Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the Son of God and that: - God sent his Son to earth to save humanity from the consequences of its sins - Jesus was fully human, and experienced this world in the same way as other human beings of his time - Jesus was tortured and gave his life on the Cross (At the Crucifixion) - Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his Crucifixion (the Resurrection) Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah promised in the Old Testament Christians believe that there is only one God, but that this one God consists of 3 "persons" o God the Father o God the Son o The Holy Spirit Christians believe that God made the world. Buddhism Understand the Four Noble Truths - Suffering exists - There is a cause for suffering. - There is an end to suffering - In order to end suffering, you must follow the Eightfold Path Follow the Eightfold Path - Right View (understanding) - Right Thought - Right Speech - Right Action - Right Livelihood - Right Effort - Right Mindfulness - Right Contemplation (concentration) These are rules to live by. The main five are: * Do not take the life of anything living. (Do not kill) * Do not take anything not freely given. (Do not steal) * Abstain from sexual misconduct and sensual overindulgence. * Refrain from untrue speech, (Do not lie) * Do not consume alcohol or other drugs. Islam Muslims have 6 main beliefs 1. Belief in Allah as the one and only God. 2. Belief in angels. 3. Belief in the holy books. 4. Belief in the Prophets (special messengers). a. Adam, Abraham, Moses, David, Jesus. b. Muhammad is the final prophet. 5. Belief in the Day of Judgment a. The day when the life of every human being will be assessed to decide whether they go to heaven or hell. 6. Belief in Predestination... a. That Allah has already decided what will happen. b. Muslims believe that this doesn't stop human beings making free choices The five Pillars of Islam These are five duties that every Muslim is obliged to perform. The five pillars of Islam help Muslims put their faith into action. 1. Shahadah: declaration of faith a. "I bear witness that there is no god, but God; I bear witness that Muhammad is the prophet of God." By reciting this, one enters Islamic faith. 2. Salah: prayer a. Muslims are required to pray five times a day, washing themselves before prayer and facing in the direction of Mecca while praying. 3. Zakat: giving a fixed proportion to charity. a. Muslims are required to give away a percentage of their earnings to those less fortunate, regardless of their religion. 4. Saum: fasting during the month of Ramadan a. Muslims fast for one lunar month each year, a period called Ramadan. b. During this time, Muslims reflect on their behavior and strive to purify their thoughts. 5. Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca. If it is financially possible, Muslims are required to travel to Mecca once in their lifetime. Hinduism For many Hindus there are four goals in human life: 1. Moksha - the release of the soul (Atman) from the cycle of rebirth. a. The individual soul (Atman) unites with Brahman the universal soul. There are different ways to Moksha. i. Spiritual - involves acquiring spiritual knowledge through yoga and meditation. Devotion to god ii. Working selflessly for the good of society. b. How a person is reincarnated is determined by karma. 2. Dharma - the code for leading one's life. a. Respect for elders is considered important and many consider marriage as a son's religious duty. 3. Artha - the pursuit of material gain by lawful means. 4. Karma- through pure acts, knowledge and devotion, you can reincarnate to a higher level. The opposite achieves the contrary result.