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Chapter 16 Introduction to Radiographic Examinations Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Dental Radiography Questions What are the three types of intraoral radiographic examinations? What films constitute and complete mouth radiographic series (CMRS)? When is prescribing a CMRS for a new patient warranted? Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 2 Dental Radiography Chapter 16 Reading: Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 152-154) Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 3 Dental Radiography Chapter 16 Outline Introduction to Radiographic Examinations Intraoral radiographic examination Extraoral radiographic examination Prescribing of dental radiographs Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 4 Introduction Purpose To introduce the dental radiographer to the different intraoral radiographic examinations used in dentistry To define the complete mouth radiographic series To describe in detail the diagnostic criteria of intraoral radiographs Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 5 Intraoral Radiographic Examination Types of Intraoral Radiographic Examinations Complete Mouth Radiographic Series Diagnostic Criteria for Intraoral Radiographs Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 6 Intraoral Radiographic Examination Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 152-153) A radiographic inspection of teeth and intraoral adjacent structures Requires the use of intraoral image receptors Intraoral receptor • Receptor that is placed inside the mouth and is used to examine the teeth and supporting structures Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 7 Types of Intraoral Radiographic Examinations Periapical examination Interproximal examination Occlusal examination Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 8 Periapical Examination Purpose Type of Imaging Receptor Used to examine the entire tooth and supporting bone Periapical receptor Technique Paralleling and bisecting Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 9 Interproximal Examination Purpose Type of Imaging Receptor To examine the crowns of both the maxillary and mandibular teeth on a single film Bite-wing receptor Technique Bite-wing technique Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 10 Occlusal Examination Purpose Type of Film Receptor Used to examine large areas of the maxilla or the mandible on one film Occlusal receptor Technique Occlusal technique Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 11 Complete Mouth Radiographic Series/Full Mouth Series Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 153) A full-mouth series of complete series Tooth-bearing areas • Dentulous areas • Edentulous areas Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 12 Diagnostic Criteria for Intraoral Radiographs Iannucci & Howerton (p. 153) (Box 16-1) Radiographs must show images with optimum density, contrast, definition, and detail. Must show images with the least amount of distortion possible. The CMRS must include radiographs that show all tooth-bearing areas. Periapical radiographs must show the entire crowns and roots of teeth being examined, as well as 2 to 3 mm beyond the root apices. Bite-wing radiographs must show open contacts. Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 13 Extraoral Radiographic Examination Iannucci & Howerton (p. 153) A radiographic inspection of large areas of the skull or jaws Extraoral receptors Receptors that are placed outside the mouth Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 14 Prescription of Dental Radiographs Iannucci & Howerton (p. 154) (Table 5-1) Prescribing is based on the individual needs of the patient. CMRS is appropriate when a new adult patient presents with clinical evidence of generalized dental disease or a history of extensive dental treatment. Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 15