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Transcript
LVN Program – nd 2 Endocrine VNRS P025A Semester Mrs. Keele • • • • • • • • Mrs. MOM G-ma P.T.A. C.N.A. Psych. Tech. LPN BSN • • • • • • RN CN DON DSD DOE CRRN Housekeeping • • • • • Be on time Breaks are flexible Dr. Water only! Casual environment Ask questions! Syllabus Hours/Days: Monday: 8:30 AM – 2:20 PM Tuesday: 8:30 AM – 2:20 PM One 20 min break in the AM and a 60 minute break for lunch General Rule • If you are unable to attend class, you must notify the instructor prior to class. • Only excused absences will be given an opportunity to make up quizzes/tests. – Cannot make up participation • Homework will not be accepted late unless excused by the instructor. Office Hours • Lunch and Breaks • Call me at home! – 793-1664 • Please do not call – after 10:00 p.m. – on Sundays Web site • www.portervillecolege.edu/eKeele/ – Search engine – PC web page – instructors web pages • E-mail – [email protected] F.Y.I. • No need to bring books • Cel phones on vibrate • Tape players are encouraged HONESTY! Welcome to • Harder? • Critical thinking • Full time job nd 2 Semester What is the Endocrine System? • Similar to nervous system • Function – Communication – Control Endocrine vs. Nervous system Endocrine System Speed Slower acting Nervous System Fast acting Duration Long lasting Short acting Structure Gland hormones Nerves electrical impulses Endocrine System The link between the nervous system and the endocrine system: The Hypothalamus Endocrine vs. Exocrine Endocrine: • Secrete hormones • Directly into the blood stream • Target specific organs/receptors • Specific action • No DUCTS Endocrine vs. Exocrine Exocrine: • Secrete fluids • Via ducts! Which type of gland would you expect to be more vascular? A. B. C. D. Endocrine Exocrine Both are equally vascular No fair asking a test question in the first hour of class! Endocrine Glands • • • • • Pineal Pituitary Thyroid Parathyroid Thymus • • • • • Adrenal Medulla Adrenal Cortex Islets of Langerhans Ovaries Testes General function of the Endocrine System • Secrete hormone • Affect rate of ongoing processes Epinephrine is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla. What affect would you expect epinephrine to have on the heart? A. B. C. D. Change the color of the heart Change the size of the heart Change the speed of the heart beat Change the strength of the heart beat What is a hormone? • • • • • Chemical Bloodstream Specific target cell / organ Causes target cell to act Specific action! – h or i in body function Hormones are involved in all aspects of metabolism • • • • • • Growth Reproduction Energy production Regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance Regulation of body pH Resistance to stress Metabolism & Synthesis "Hormones are involved in all aspects of metabolism” Metabolism: Break-down of molecules to make energy (burning) Synthesis: Building-up of molecules How do hormones work? Non-linear, 6 step process Homeostasis Sensor Hormone secretion Action Target organ Bloodstream 1. Homeostasis • Change in homeostasis – i.e. • Body temperature lowers • Heart rate slows • Increased blood sugar levels 2. Sensors • Sensors – Monitor homeostasis • Identify change in homeostasis • Responds to change • Initiate a specific stimuli 3. Hormone secretion • Specific stimuli • Endocrine gland • Secretes hormone 4. Bloodstream • Hormone secretion directly into the bloodstream • Circulated by the bloodstream • Body 5. Target organ • Hormones in the blood stream • enter target organs/tissues that have “receptors” for that hormone 6. Action • The hormone (when it enters the target organ) • produces a specific action • Action is usually opposite to the initial homeostasis change. – – – – – – (Body temperature lowers) increased body temp. (Heart rate slows) increase heart rate (Decreased blood sugar levels) increase BS levels (Increase in blood glucose levels) decrease BS levels (High blood pressure) lowers BP (Dehydration) increased hydration 1. Homeostasis • • • • Specific action Restores homeostasis Sensor i stimuli i hormone secretion – Negative feedback! “Negative Feedback Mechanism” • “The effects of the hormone often will reverse the stimulus and ultimately lead to decrease secretion of the hormone.” “Negative Feedback Mechanism” i process (homeostasis) h stimuli h hormone secretion h process (homeostasis) i stimuli i hormone secretion How to assess the Endocrine System? • Not palpate • Not ascultate • HOW???? – Labs – S&S Key Concept! • “In the health physiological state, hormone concentration in the bloodstream is maintained at a relatively constant level.” Small Group Questions 1. Name three characteristics of the endocrine system. 2. What is the function of a hormone? 3. How do hormones work? 4. What is “Negative Feedback Mechanism”? 5. How do the endocrine systems and the nervous system communicate? 6. What must happen to a gland in order for it to secrete a hormone?