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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
THE HEART
AND BLOODVESSELS
Learning Outcomes:
 C3 – Describe the interrelationships of the structures of the heart
 Identify structures diagrams and give functions and direction of blood
flow
 C5 – analyze the functional interrelationships of the vessels of the
circulatory system
 Describe the 5 types of blood vessels in terms of structure and function
 Identify and give the function of the blood vessels of the body
The Heart
 Mostly muscle (myocardium)
 Enclosed in a sac (pericardium)
 Right and left side separated by septum
 Four chambers:
 Right and left atria (receive blood)
 Right and left ventricles (pump blood out)
Heart Valves
 Prevent backflow of blood
 Atrioventricular valves - between atria and
ventricles
(tricuspid on right, bicuspid / mitral on left)
 Semilunar valves - between ventricles and
arteries
 Chordae tendinae support the
atrioventricular valves
A Double Pump
 Right: receives blood from the
body and pumps it to the lungs
 Left: receives blood from the
lungs and pumps it to the body
Fig. 13.4b
Blood Vessels of the Heart
 Superior and inferior vena cava - from upper and lower
body to the right atrium
 Pulmonary trunk - branches into R and L pulmonary
arteries - to the lungs
 Pulmonary veins - from lungs to heart
 Aorta - from left ventricle, branches to all parts of the
body
 Coronary arteries - supply the heart muscle
Fig. 13.3b
Fig. 13.4a
BLOOD VESSELS
5 types
 arteries - carry blood away from the heart; thick,
muscular walls
 arterioles – smaller branches of the arteries
 veins – carry blood toward the heart; thinner walls, have
valves to prevent backflow
 venules – smaller branches of veins
 capillaries – networks of microscopic vessels in all
tissues; walls are very thin (one cell thick); connect veins
and arteries; supply cells with nutrients
Fig. 13.1
Fig. 13.2
Assignment
 Draw arrows in red and blue on your diagram to show the
flow of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood through the
heart
 List in order all the structures blood would flow through as
it passes through the heart and lungs, starting with the vena
cava and ending with the aorta