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CS 101 – Oct. 7 • Solving simple problems: create algorithm • Structure of solution – Sequence of steps (1,2,3….) – Sometimes we need to make a choice – Sometimes we need to repeat some steps • Examples • Computer science is a problem-solving discipline. • Every solution should have a well-defined structure, such as listing the ingredients and steps for input, calculations and output. Example problems • How would you solve these problems? – Print the numbers from 1 to 10. – Searching for something. • In this list (3, 2, 7, 5, 4) where is the number 5? • Which room contains my umbrella? – Play Tic-Tac-Toe. • Idea for solution (algorithm) is more important than typing code at the keyboard. Computer program • Sequence of instructions that machine carries out • Nouns and verbs • Structure: – Input, calculations, output – Auxiliary functions Kinds of statements • • • • • Get input Print output Assign value to variable If-else Loop Algorithm • Clear sequence of steps to arrive at a solution to a problem. Must specify: – Input, output, variables and operations used – The order in which the steps are taken • Ideally, each step should perform one calculation: – – – – Input or output of one value One calculation, or decision to make Calculations usually limited to basic math Tedious details can be put off until later. Examples • Algorithm to add two numbers – – – – Ask the user to enter 2 values Obtain the input, and call the values a and b. Set a new variable sum and set it to: sum = a + b. Output sum. • Calculate weekly wage. √ – Get hours and rate from the user. – Set the wage as follows: • If (hours > 40), use overtime formula • Otherwise, use regular formula – Output wage