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Introduction Explanation of the circuit Price breakdown Construction notes Distribute kits Build time http://www.nisk.k12.ny.us/iroquois/teched//Fall_Conference/battery_eater/battery_eater.htm The Battery Eater Giving old batteries a new life http://www.nisk.k12.ny.us/iroquois/teched//Fall_Conference/battery_eater/battery_eater.htm Joule Thief Battery Eater E Hand-wou nd fer r ite tor ro id E B B 2N3906 47 uF + 2N3906 C 10K ~ 0.3-1.5V C 3 Volt LED 3 Volt LED 100K B LDR + 47 uF C 2N3904 E • The Battery Eater is really two Circuits in one LED Flasher The Joule Thief • The Joule Thief uses a hand wound transformer to increase voltage How it Works: Joule Thief • Voltage flows through the left coil, the resistor limits current E- E- EEE- EEEEEEEE- OFF EEE- E- How it Works: Joule Thief • The transistor turns on allowing a large current to flow through the right coil E- E- EEE- E- EEEEE- E- E- E- E- E- EE- ON EEE- E- How it Works: Joule Thief • The current in the right coil induces a current in the left coil which opposes its existing current flow, shutting EEEEoff the transistor. EEEEEEE- E- E- E- E- E- EE- OFF EEE- E- How it Works: Joule Thief • Current in the right coil cannot shut off immediately leading to a bump in voltage Small Voltage as the field in the left EEErise EEcoil breaks down EEEE- EE- E- Field EE- breaks down E- EE- E- EE- OFF EEE- E- How it Works: Joule Thief • This process repeats, and the voltage rises E- E- Small Voltage rise EEE- E- EEE- EEEE- E- EE- Field E- breaks down EE- EE- OFF EEE- E- How it Works: Joule Thief • Once the voltage reaches the breakdown voltage of the LED electricity can flow E- E- Small Voltage rise EEE- EEEE- EEEE- Field E- breaks down E- OFF E- EE- E- E- E- Turning the Joule Thief on • Making the joule thief turn on at night and off in the morning adds just one extra component Hand-wou nd fer r ite tor ro id A voltage divider is created by the addition of the LDR keeping the transistor off when exposed to light Single Cell (~ 0.3-1.5V) 10K C B LDR 2N3904 E 3 Volt LED LED Flasher • Two PNP transistors act as switches to turn on LEDs +9v E 2N3906 E 33 K B B 2N3906 47 uF + C + 47 uF 100K C How it Works: LED Flasher • An RC circuit triggers the transistors +9v E • Changing the resistor and capacitor will determine the LED flash rate 2N3906 E 33 K B B 2N3906 47 uF + C + 47 uF 100K C Materials and Kit Cost Kit Materials Quantity Part name Cost per unit 2 1 2 2 2 1 Resistor 390Kž Resistor 10Kž High output LED Capacitor 47µF Battery Contacts Light Dependent Resistor (CDS Cell) Transistor 2N3906 1 Transistor 2N3904 Toroidal Core 28 gage stranded wire 30” Printed Circuit Board (PCB) • 14 components, 1 single sided PCB 2 1 1 Cheapest place to shop $0.01 $0.01 $0.15 $0.02 $0.07 $0.60 Total cost per kit $0.02 $0.02 $0.30 $0.04 $0.14 $0.60 $0.049 $0.098 www.jameco.com $0.045 $0.20 $0.045 $0.20 www.jameco.com http://www.goldmine-elec-products.com www.jameco.com http://www.kelvin.com $0.40 $0.40 Total cost per kit: $1.86 www.jameco.com www.jameco.com http://www.goldmine-elec-products.com www.jameco.com http://www.allelectronics. com http://www.goldmine-elec-products.com PCB/Parts Layout