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Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 1 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Making A Hardware Board Define system requirements Finding components and design circuit PCB board Capture Schematic Printed Circuit Board (PCB) layout 2010/12/10 Professional PCB manufacturers Soldering Components Home made PCB prototype Testing Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 2 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Typical Process Define requirements Get the circuits 1. 2. Design from scratch Google Ask some one who know Find components 2. Which IC you want to use Create component libraries in the PCB software Capture schematic 3. 4. Draw the circuit on the PCB software Layout 5. 1. 2. 3. Decide the shape of the board Placing components Make connections Make the hardware board 6. 2010/12/10 Export layout to manufacturer output, send to PCB manufacturer Home made PCB Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 3 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Today’s Class Introduction Create schematic library Capture schematic Next week Create PCB library (footprint) Layout 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 4 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw First Of All -- Schematic Rectangle with numbers are usually connector Rectangle with pin names are usually components Usually on the schematic or their description, they will tell you what component it is (part number). You can find the datasheet of the component from Internet 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 5 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Taroko Schematic Switches LEDs Light sensors 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 6 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Real Device And Schematic There will be a designator for each component on schematic. And it is 1-to-1 map to the PCB board 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 7 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Map to Real Device 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 8 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Map to Real Device 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 9 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Map to Real Device 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 10 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Resources Available On Internet Books Google Application notes A document which gives more specific details on using a component in a specific application Provided by IC manufacturers Example: TI MSP430 application notes Reference design Especially RF IC Example: CC2420 reference design 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 11 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Search For Datasheet M25P80 Datasheet 8 Mbit, low voltage, serial Flash memory with 75 MHz SPI bus interface It is a flash memory SHT11 Datasheet SHT1x / SHT7x Temperature and Humidity Sensor 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 12 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw What To Look In Datasheet Functionality What does this IC do Electrical Characteristic Supply voltage Current consumption Etc Application Information How to make it work Packages What is the IC looks like Shape, size, pins design, pitch, etc. 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 13 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw M25P80 Datasheet SPI interface 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 14 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw M25P80 Signal Description SPI interface 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 15 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Connect M25P80 and MSP430 Pin 2, 5, 6 is SPI interface on M25P80, connected to SPI interface of MSP430 Chip select and Hold pin connected to GPIO pins on MSP430 Write Protect is connected to Vcc, that means we are not using write protect function GPIO on MSP430 The SPI interface is shared with radio chip 2010/12/10 SPI interface on MSP430 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 16 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw M25P80 Datasheet Usually at the end of the datasheet, there will be some section call “Packaging information”, “Package”, …… This section contain the information about how the chip looks like Lets take a look at the common packages 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 17 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw M25P80 Packages A chip may have more than one package M25P80 has three Package information gives you the footprint of the chip 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 18 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SO8W We use M25P80 SO8W package on Taroko b e E 2010/12/10 A dot here defines pin #1 E1 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 19 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Through-hole vs SMD Through-hole A mounting scheme Pins inserted into holes drilled in PCB and soldered to pads on the opposite side Expansion connector on Taroko Light sensor on Taroko SMD: surface mounted device Components are mounted directly onto the surface of PCB 2010/12/10 Many devices on Taroko are SMD Resistor, capacitor, MSP430, and more. Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 20 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Through-hole Packages SIP: single in-line packages Through-hole package are old, their number decreased in modern design DIP: dual in-line packages 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 21 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SMD Packages Chip resistors, capacitors, inductors 0402, 0603, 0805, … 2010/12/10 Represent size of the chip 0805 means 0.08” x 0.05” rectangle Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 22 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SMD Packages SO: Small outline Usually refer to IC with two rows of leads QFP: Quad flat package 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 23 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SMD Packages QFN: Quad flat package, no-leads The packages we introduced just now are most commonly used Device datasheet should include the package information You will need it for PCB layout 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 24 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SMD Packages BGA: Ball Grid Array These two are widely used in high end processor. They allow more pin-out from a single package. We seldom use ICs in these package, it is too difficult to solder by hand PGA: Pin Grid Array 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 25 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Power ? Power CC2420 Radio MSP430 what about Power? USB is 5V, MSP430 operating range is 1.8V ~ 3.6V. How to get supply power from USB? USB Sensors, memory, LEDs, switches, expension 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 26 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Regulator A semiconductor device that converts an input DC voltage (usually a range of input voltages) to a fixedoutput DC voltage Many types of regulators, most commonly used Linear regulators Switching regulators You might accept power supply from various sources with different voltage, but you need a stable voltage for your system Use a regulator (5V ~ 40V) 2010/12/10 input Regulator output Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 3.3V (fixed) 27 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Switching Regulator can step up the voltage Linear Regulator (3.3V) input Linear regulator Output voltage < input voltage All linear regulators require an input voltage at least some minimum amount higher than the desired output voltage output 5V This minimum amount is called drop-out voltage You can only step down the voltage Inefficient, power dissipated as heat Power provided at the output = 5V * 60mA = 300mW (5V ~ 40V) Power provided at the output = 3.3V * 60mA = 198mW input Regulator output 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 Taroko Power dissipated on regulator = 300mW – 198mW = 102mW 3.3V (fixed) Taroko current consumption=60mA 28 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Key Parameters of Regulators Input voltage range A range of possible input voltage Output voltage Fixed to some value Adjustable Can be adjust by some external resistors Maximum output current Maximum current allowed Drop-out voltage 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 29 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Linear Regulator ICs U25 on Taroko MCP1700T-3302TT (on Taroko) 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 30 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Typical Application Circuit Usually the datasheet has the typical application circuit 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 31 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Why To Buy You have a schematic, and already found out what is the components on it But, where to buy? Various sources Online retailers www.digikey.com www.mouser.com These are probably two of the world largest online electronic components retailers. If the component you need cannot buy from these two sources, you might want to consider the other component! Local distributors 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 32 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Putting Things Together Hardware prototyping Breadboard Printed Circuit Board 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 33 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Breadboard Fast and easy Signal unstable and inaccurate Ugly! Un-professional 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 34 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Printed Circuit Board Home made PCB Take some time Professional Signal is more stable Industry fabrication PCB 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 35 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Goal Design a term project control board Replace the Breadboard Place on you robot car Has Connectors to connect two Taroko’s Location node Control node: receive infrared, control motor, receive location Provide power supply for Taroko Has connectors to connect two infrared sensors Has connectors to connect two motor (PWM output) 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 36 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Block Diagram Connector 3-Pin Infrared Connector 3-Pin Infrared 6V Taroko Location node 3.3V Taroko Control node 3.3V Regulator LM317L Battery 4 AA 6V output Connector 3-Pin Motor 2010/12/10 Connector 3-Pin Motor Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 6V 37 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Components Battery connector: 2-pin, Regulator: LM317L, 8-pin SOIC Resistor, capacitor Taroko connector Location node: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin Control node: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin Infrared connector: 3 pin Motor connector: 3 pin 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 38 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw PCB Layout Software We are using “Altium Design 6” There are many other software available Process 1. Initial setup 2. Create schematic library 3. Capture schematic 4. Create PCB library 5. PCB layout 6. Output 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 39 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Tools Altium Designer http://www.altium.com/products/altiumdesigner/en/altium-designer_home.cfm Trial version https://trial1.altium.com/?lang=us#:1sy923989 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 40 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Altium Designer 6 Electronic product development solution Schematic capture PCB Board design Simulation FPGA design etc. We will use it to do the PCB layout 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 41 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw PCB Layout Process Process 1. Initial setup 1. 2. 3. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 2010/12/10 Create design workspace Create PCB project Add new “Schematic”, “PCB”, “Schematic library” and “PCB library” Create schematic library Capture schematic Create PCB library PCB layout Output Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 42 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Schematic Library Component list (what components you need) LM317L Miscellaneous components Resistor capacitor connectors Schematic library contain the components you will use Altium Designer has a collection of libraries 2010/12/10 Search the libraries If the components you want is not in the libraries provide, you have to create one (both AD7798, ADXL330 was not found) Create library components for AD7766 and ADXL330 Copy Miscellaneous components Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 43 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Capture Schematic Schematic library are ready Capture Schematic 01 02 Vcc Vcc GND Vcc Give every power supply line a 0.1 μF capacitor REFIN(-), AIN1(-), AIN2(-), AIN3(-) connect GND 2010/12/10 Xout Yout Zout Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 Vcc 2 4 6 8 44 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw The Schematic 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 45 Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Create your own schematic 2010/12/10 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2010 46
