Download the reported speech

THE REPORTED SPEECH
Direct Speech gives the exact words someone said. We use
inverted commas in Direct Speech. e.g. "It's a nice day," he
said.
Reported Speech gives the exact meaning of what some-one
said but not the exact words. We do not use inverted
commas in Reported Speech. e.g. He said it was a nice day.
REPORTED STATEMENTS
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They are usually introduced with say (that) or tell (that). a) “It is hot in here”,
she said.- she said it was hot there. - B) “I saw you with Ana”, She told me.
- she told me she saw me / had seen me with Ana.
Personal pronouns and possessive adjectives change according to context:"
I really love you”, she told me. _ She told me she really loved me.
TENSES CHANGE WHEN…
Present simple
Past simple
Present continuous
Past continuous
Simple past / present perfect
Past perfect
Past continuous / present perfect
continuous
Past perfect continuous
Future simple
Would + bare infinitive
Future continuous
Would + be + ing.
Past perfect and past perfect
continuous
No change
TENSES DO NOT CHANGE WHEN
• If there is a time clause in the reported sentence.
• When the reporting verbs: say, tell, etc. Is in present, future or
present perfect.
• When the speakers expresses general truths, permanent states or
conditions
• In type 2, type 3 conditionals, in wishes or unreal past.
• When reporting up to date events (Things immediately said)
REPORTED QUESTIONS
• They are introduced by: ask, wonder,
inquire, want to know etc
• Affirmative word order is used.
• We use (if) to report a question introduced
with an auxiliary.
REPORTED COMMANDS / SUGGESTIONS / REQUESTS
• We use advise, ask, beg, suggest, etc
followed by a (to infinitive), an ing form or
a that clause.
• Please be careful. / Do not smoke in here.
/ You should visit your doctor. / could you
do me a favor? / do your homework and
don’t watch TV. / Why don’t you practice
harder?
MODAL VERBS IN REPORTED SPEECH
• The following verbs change in Reported Speech
when the reported sentence is out of date:
• will/shall 4 would, can 4 could (present
reference)/ would be able to (future reference),
may 4 might/could, shall 4 should (asking for
advice)/would (asking for information)/offer
(expressing offers), must 4 must/had to
(obligation) (must remains the same when it
expresses possibility or deduction),
SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY VERBS
• advise sb + to infinitive
• accuse sb of + -ing form
• admit (to) + -ing form
apologise for + -ing form
• boast + that -clause
• Suggest + that clause
• Claim + that clause
• Complain + that clause
• Demand + that clause
• Deny + ing
• encourage sb + to -infinitive
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Inform + that clause
Insist + that clause
Promise + to infinitive
Refuse + to infinitive
Remind SB + to
infinitive
• Threaten + to
infinitive
• Warn SB + to infinitive
Write an introductory verb and report the
sentences
Punctuation practice
• Id like to talk to you for a minute he said
• What asked Paul you are married
• Shut up exclaimed anne angrily stop telling lies. Ill never
believe you.
• Martin whose real name is thom sells jewels houses
used cars and other stuff
• Love he said softly is the best thing that could ever
happen to me